li: Difference between revisions
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A downside of this method is exemplified in this sentence: it is ambiguous whether ''toki'' is meant to be a predicate or a modifier of ''mi''. |
A downside of this method is exemplified in this sentence: it is ambiguous whether ''toki'' is meant to be a predicate or a modifier of ''mi''. |
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; mi moku li toki.: The |
; mi moku li toki.: The food-related me is talking. |
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== Etymology == |
== Etymology == |
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Revision as of 02:12, 13 April 2023
li is a particle in Toki Pona that separates the subject from the rest of the sentence.
Function of li
li separates the subject from the predicate. The predicate can be a verb (with or without object), a noun, an adjective, or a prepositional phrase. It is omitted when the subject is mi or sina alone.
- ona li moku.
- They eat.
- soweli li suwi.
- The dog is cute.
- kili li moku.
- Fruits are food.
- mi tawa tomo.
- I'm going home.
- sina en mi li lukin e sitelen tawa.
- You and I watch a movie.
Multiple predicates
Typically, li is repeated when multiple predicates apply to the same subject.
- ona li kama li tawa.
- They come and go.
pu says that when multiple predicates are applied to mi or sina, a new sentence should start.[1]
- mi toki. mi moku.
- I speak and eat.
Some speakers use a second li in this case. This is referred to as "extended li style" in ku.
- mi moku li toki.
- I eat and speak.
A downside of this method is exemplified in this sentence: it is ambiguous whether toki is meant to be a predicate or a modifier of mi.
- mi moku li toki.
- The food-related me is talking.
Etymology
The Toki Pona particle li is from the Esperanto third-person singular pronoun "li."[2]