Colors: Difference between revisions
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The word {{tp|kule}} is {{a category|kule}} word relating to colors, {{w|hue}}, {{w|pigment}}s, and {{w|paint}}. |
The word {{tp|kule}} is {{a category|kule}} word relating to colors, {{w|hue}}, {{w|pigment}}s, and {{w|paint}}.<ref>{{cite ku|256}}</ref> |
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By analogy, {{tp|kule}} is sometimes extended to refer to any intrinsic or sensory attribute, such as composition, sensory information (hue, smell, flavor, timbre, texture), or [[Gender|gender identity]]. The word {{tp|[[poki]]}} ("container") is used as an [[antonym]] for this sense, meaning any extrinsic attribute. Compare the English phrase "to put someone in a box". |
By analogy, {{tp|kule}} is sometimes extended to refer to any intrinsic or sensory attribute, such as composition, sensory information ({{w|hue}}, smell, flavor, {{w|timbre}}, texture), or [[Gender|gender identity]]. The word {{tp|[[poki]]}} ("container") is used as an [[antonym]] for this sense, meaning any extrinsic attribute. Compare the English phrase "to put someone in a box". |
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The word {{tp|kule}} is derived from {{w|Acadian French}} ''{{lang|fr|couleur}}''.<ref name="etym">{{cite etym}}</ref> |
The word {{tp|kule}} is derived from {{w|Acadian French}} ''{{lang|fr|couleur}}''.<ref name="etym">{{cite etym}}</ref> |
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{{tp|loje}} is used for red and red–adjacent colors, including pinks and magentas. It usually ranges from reddish shades of purple to reddish shades of orange and brown. |
{{tp|loje}} is used for red and red–adjacent colors, including pinks and magentas.<ref>{{cite ku|271}}</ref> It usually ranges from reddish shades of purple to reddish shades of orange and brown. Other colors that can be described as {{tp|loje}} include {{w|burgundy}}, {{w|crimson}}, {{w|fuchsia}}, {{w|maroon}}, {{w|Rust (color)|rust}}, {{w|salmon}}, {{w|scarlet}}, and {{w|vermilion}}. |
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Other colors that can be described as {{tp|loje}} include burgundy, crimson, fuchsia, maroon, rust, salmon, scarlet, and vermilion. |
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The word {{tp|loje}} is derived from {{w|Dutch language|Dutch}} ''{{lang|nl|rooie}}'', an {{w|Inflection|inflected form}} of ''{{lang|nl|rood}}''.<ref name="etym"/> |
The word {{tp|loje}} is derived from {{w|Dutch language|Dutch}} ''{{lang|nl|rooie}}'', an {{w|Inflection|inflected form}} of ''{{lang|nl|rood}}''.<ref name="etym"/> |
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{{tp|jelo}} is used for yellow and yellow–adjacent colors. It usually ranges from yellowish shades of orange and brown to very yellowish shades of green. |
{{tp|jelo}} is used for yellow and yellow–adjacent colors.<ref>{{cite ku|234}}</ref> It usually ranges from yellowish shades of orange and brown to very yellowish shades of green. Other colors that can be described as {{tp|jelo}} include {{w|amber}}, {{w|Gold (color)|gold}}, and {{w|Lime (color)|lime}}. |
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Other colors that can be described as {{tp|jelo}} include amber, gold, and lime. |
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|mi <mark>jelo</mark> e nimi lipu. |
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|I highlight [as <mark>yellow</mark>] the words of the book. |
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{{tp|laso}} is used for turquoise and turquoise–adjacent colors, including blues and greens. It usually ranges from greens to bluish shades of violet. Toki Pona lacks the {{w|Blue–green distinction in language|distinction between blue and green}}, linguists call this umbrella color term "grue". |
{{tp|laso}} is used for {{w|turquoise}} and turquoise–adjacent colors, including blues and greens.<ref>{{cite ku|261}}</ref> It usually ranges from greens to bluish shades of violet. Toki Pona lacks the {{w|Blue–green distinction in language|distinction between blue and green}}, linguists call this umbrella color term "grue". Other colors that can be described as {{tp|laso}} include {{w|aquamarine}}, {{w|azure}}, {{w|cobalt}}, {{w|cyan}}, {{w|indigo}}, {{w|Lime (color)|lime}}, {{w|Mint (color)|mint}}, {{w|Navy (color)|navy}}, {{w|Olive (color)|olive}}, and {{w|teal}}. |
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Other colors that can be described as {{tp|laso}} include aquamarine, azure, cobalt, cyan, indigo, lime, mint, navy, olive, and teal. |
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{{tp|walo}} is used for any pale or light color, especially those approaching white. |
{{tp|walo}} is used for any pale or light color, especially those approaching white.<ref>{{cite ku|283}}</ref> While {{tp|walo}} and {{tp|[[suno]]}} can both be translated as "light", they mean different things. {{tp|suno}} refers to light itself, and may [[Modifier|modify]] and describe objects that emit light. On the other hand, {{tp|walo}} refers to the {{w|Lightness|lightness of a color}} alone. |
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Note that while {{tp|walo}} and {{tp|[[suno]]}} can both be translated as "light", they mean different things. {{tp|suno}} means light itself, and it can be used as an [[adjective]] to describe objects that give light. On the other hand, {{tp|walo}} refers to the lightness of color alone. |
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The word {{tp|walo}} is derived from {{w|Finnish language|Finnish}} ''{{lang|fi|valko-}}'', the combining form of ''{{lang|fi|valkoinen}}'', meaning "white".<ref name="etym"/> |
The word {{tp|walo}} is derived from {{w|Finnish language|Finnish}} ''{{lang|fi|valko-}}'', the combining form of ''{{lang|fi|valkoinen}}'', meaning "white".<ref name="etym"/> |
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{{tp|pimeja}} is used for any dark color, especially those approaching black. |
{{tp|pimeja}} is used for any dark color, especially those approaching black.<ref>{{cite ku|328}}</ref> {{tp|pimeja}} is also used for "darkness", as an antonym of {{tp|[[suno]]}} ("light"), and can be used to describe shadows, unlit spaces, and the night. |
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{{tp|pimeja}} is also used for "darkness", as an antonym of {{tp|[[suno]]}} ("light"), and can be used to describe shadows, unlit spaces, and the night. |
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The word {{tp|pimeja}} is derived from {{w|Finnish language|Finnish}} ''{{lang|fi|pimeä}}'', meaning "black".<ref name="etym"/> |
The word {{tp|pimeja}} is derived from {{w|Finnish language|Finnish}} ''{{lang|fi|pimeä}}'', meaning "black".<ref name="etym"/> |
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{{Needs work|it needs explanations of expressions like "laso loje", "loje walo", "pimeja laso", "waso pimeja walo" vs. "waso pi pimeja walo", maybe "jelo wawa" vs. "jelo pi wawa ala", etc.|section}} |
{{Needs work|it needs explanations of expressions like "laso loje", "loje walo", "pimeja laso", "waso pimeja walo" vs. "waso pi pimeja walo", maybe "jelo wawa" vs. "jelo pi wawa ala", etc.|section}} |
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[[File:kule pi.svg|thumb|250x250px|Difference betwen {{tp|len loje jelo}} (red and yellow fabric) and {{tp|len pi loje jelo}} (yellowish red fabric)]] |
[[File:kule pi.svg|thumb|250x250px|Difference betwen {{tp|len loje jelo}} (red and yellow fabric) and {{tp|len pi loje jelo}} (yellowish red fabric)]] |
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Color words can be combined into phrases to "mix" their respective colors and describe more specific colors more closely. It is usually thought of in a subtractive color space, which works like mixing paints or ink (whereas an additive color space works like shining colored spotlights). |
Color words can be combined into phrases to "mix" their respective colors and describe more specific colors more closely. It is usually thought of in a subtractive color space, which works like mixing paints or ink (whereas an additive color space works like shining colored spotlights). |
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{{tp|kapesi}} is {{a category|kapesi}}, [[pre-pu|pre-{{tp|pu}}]] {{tp|[[nimi ku lili]]}} for brown and gray. It is derived from either {{w|Cantonese language|Cantonese}} {{lang|yue|咖啡色}} (''{{lang|yue-Latn|gaa<sup>3</sup> fe<sup>1</sup> sik<sup>1</sup>}}'') or {{w|Mandarin language|Mandarin}} {{lang|cmn|咖啡色}} (''{{lang|cmn-Latn|kāfēisè}}''), meaning "brown" (literally, "coffee color"). <!-- When was it coined? Where is the earliest source of this word? --> |
{{tp|kapesi}} is {{a category|kapesi}}, [[pre-pu|pre-{{tp|pu}}]] {{tp|[[nimi ku lili]]}} for brown and gray.<ref>{{cite ku|242}}</ref> It is derived from either {{w|Cantonese language|Cantonese}} {{lang|yue|咖啡色}} (''{{lang|yue-Latn|gaa<sup>3</sup> fe<sup>1</sup> sik<sup>1</sup>}}'') or {{w|Mandarin language|Mandarin}} {{lang|cmn|咖啡色}} (''{{lang|cmn-Latn|kāfēisè}}''), meaning "brown" (literally, "coffee color"). <!-- When was it coined? Where is the earliest source of this word? --> |
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In practice, it is more commonly used for browns than grays, because browns are usually hard to describe with {{tp|pu}} words, while grays can easily be described as {{tp|pimeja walo}} ("light black") or {{tp|walo pimeja}} ("dark white"). |
In practice, it is more commonly used for browns than grays, because browns are usually hard to describe with {{tp|pu}} words, while grays can easily be described as {{tp|pimeja walo}} ("light black") or {{tp|walo pimeja}} ("dark white"). |
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{{tp|unu}} is a {{a category|unu}}, [[post-pu|post-{{tp|pu}}]] {{tp|[[nimi ku lili]]}} for purple and purple–adjacent colors, including violets, and sometimes |
{{tp|unu}} is a {{a category|unu}}, [[post-pu|post-{{tp|pu}}]] {{tp|[[nimi ku lili]]}} for purple and purple–adjacent colors, including violets, and sometimes {{w|magenta}}s and {{w|indigo}}s.<ref>{{cite ku|382}}</ref> It was coined by {{tok|[[jan Sonja]]}} in 2020 and is derived from {{w|Indonesian language|Indonesian}} ''{{lang|id|ungu}}''.<ref>{{cite Discord|name={{tok|[[jan Sonja]]}}|username=sonjalang|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/316063418253705229/791382999231889408|channel={{tok|toki-pona}}|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|quote={{tok|ken la nimi sin li unu tan nimi}} {{lang|id|ungu}} {{tok|pi toki Intonesija}}}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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<references |
<references/> |
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{{Words}} |
{{Words}} |
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