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{{tp title|jo}}
'''{{tp|jo}}n't''' is a common [[nasinstyle of speech]] that avoids the content word {{tp|[[jo]]}}.
 
==Motivations==
Toki Pona is not perfectly [[Minimalism|minimalist]], so; many words can be reformulated with other words or grammatical expressions. For {{tp|jo}}, alternative expressions can be found easily and describe the immediate situation more clearly. Many [[Tokiponists]] view {{tp|jo}} as a [[calque]] of the English word "have".
 
Many [[Tokiponists]] view {{tp|jo}} as a [[calque]] of the English word "have".
 
A subset of {{tp|jo}}n't reduces the amount of situations in which {{tp|jo}} would be used. In contrast, {{lipu pu|en}} is very broad in its usage of {{tp|jo}}.
 
* Describing having access to something or refering to a vague relationship to something <ref>[{{cite web|url=https://lipu-pi-ijo-pi-toki.pona.la/lipu-pi-jan-sin-pi-toki-pona/index.html#jo|title=Beginner's Resource of Toki Pona|website={{tok|lipu-pi-ijo-pi-toki.pona.la}}|author={{tok|kule epiku Atawan's dictionary]}}|access-date=2023-12-08}}</ref>, or even owning something, is the least common way of using {{tp|jo}}.
* Metaphorically holding or containing something is a common way of using {{tp|jo}}
* PhysicallyMetaphorically holding or containing something is a common way of using {{tp|jo}}.
* Physically holdingcontaining something is the mosta common way of using {{tp|jo}}.
* MetaphoricallyPhysically holding or containing something is athe most common way of using {{tp|jo}}.
 
==Strategies==
Not all languages have a direct equivalent to the English "have" or use it the same way. InFor example, in {{w|Russian language|Russian}}, it is common to formulate it as ''{{lang|ru|У меня есть вещь}}'' (literally: "{{lit|At me is a thing"}}). This kind of expression also works in Toki Pona:
 
{{example|ijo li lon mi.|A thing is at me. / A thing is with me.}}
 
For holding something, refering to the body part or tool that enables the holding can be referenced:
{{example|ijo li lon luka mi.|A thing is in my hand.}}
{{example|mi luka e ijo.|I apply a hand to a thing. / I grab a thing.}}
 
Containing something can simply refer to something being on the inside:
{{example|ijo li lon insa poki.|A thing is in the box. / The box contains a thing.}}
 
Relationships are more commonly referred to by using modifiers:
{{example|ijo ni li ijo mi.|This thing is my thing.}}
 
In some situations, {{tp|[[poki]]}} or {{tp|[[tomo]]}} can be used:
{{example|ilo li poki e ijo.|The tool applies a container to a thing. / The tool contains a thing.}}
 
==References==
<references />
[[Category:Styles of Toki Ponaspeech]]