li: Difference between revisions

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[[''li]]'' is a [[:Category:Particles|particle]] in tokiToki ponaPona that separates the subject from the rest of the sentence.
{{Other license|ask|it was copied from ''[[ma pona pi toki pona]]''}}
 
== Function of ''li'' ==
[[li]] is a [[:Category:Particles|particle]] in toki pona that separates the subject from the rest of the sentence.
''li'' separates the subject from the predicate. The predicate can be a verb (with or without object), a noun, an adjective, or a prepositional phrase. It is omitted when the subject is "''mi"'' or "''sina"'' alone.
 
== Function of li ==
li separates the subject from the predicate. The predicate can be a verb (with or without object), a noun, an adjective, or a prepositional phrase. It is omitted when the subject is "mi" or "sina" alone.
; ona li moku. : They eat.
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== Multiple predicates ==
Typically, [[''li]]'' is repeated when multiple predicates apply to the same subject.
 
; ona li kama li tawa. : They come and go.
 
''[[pu]]'' says that when multiple predicates are applied to "''mi"'' or "''sina"'', a new sentence should start.<ref>[[pu]] p. 56</ref>
 
; mi toki. mi moku. : I speak and eat.
 
ManySome speakers, however, use a second [[''li]]'' in this case:. This is referred to as "extended ''li'' style" in [[ku]].
 
; mi toki li moku. : I speak and eat.
A downside of this method is exemplified in this sentence: it is ambiguous whether ''toki'' is meant to be a predicate or a modifier of ''mi''.
 
This is referred to as "extended li style" and has received official sanction from [[ku]].
 
== Etymology ==
The tokiToki ponaPona particle [[''li]]'' is originally from the Esperanto third-person singular pronoun "li."<ref>[https://archive.ph/i4Psx toki pona Etymological Dictionary]</ref> This explains [[pu]]'s style of breaking a first-person sentence into two rather than applying [[li]] to a first- or second-person subject.
 
== References ==
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* [https://jonathangabel.com/toki-pona/basic-sentences/ sitelen sitelen Basic Sentences]
* [https://sowelitesa.kittycat.homes/lipu-sona/2 soweli Tesa Lesson 2]
* [https://htmlpreview.github.io/?https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jan-Lope/Toki_Pona_lessons_English/gh-pages/toki-pona-lessons_en/index.html#SECTION00230000000000000000 jan Lope]
*[https://github.com/kilipan/nasin-toki#the-particle-li nasin toki pona]
* [https://mun.la/sona/li.html jan Kekan San Actions with li]
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