li: Difference between revisions
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== Etymology == |
== Etymology == |
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The toki pona particle [[li]] is |
The toki pona particle [[li]] is originally from the Esperanto third-person singular pronoun "li."<ref>[https://archive.ph/i4Psx toki pona Etymological Dictionary]</ref> This explains [[pu]]'s style of breaking a first-person sentence into two rather than applying [[li]] to a first- or second-person subject. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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* [https://htmlpreview.github.io/?https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jan-Lope/Toki_Pona_lessons_English/gh-pages/toki-pona-lessons_en/index.html#SECTION00230000000000000000 jan Lope] |
* [https://htmlpreview.github.io/?https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jan-Lope/Toki_Pona_lessons_English/gh-pages/toki-pona-lessons_en/index.html#SECTION00230000000000000000 jan Lope] |
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*[https://github.com/kilipan/nasin-toki#the-particle-li nasin toki pona] |
*[https://github.com/kilipan/nasin-toki#the-particle-li nasin toki pona] |
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* [https://mun.la/sona/li.html jan Kekan San Actions with li] |
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[[Category:Particles]] |
[[Category:Particles]] |
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Revision as of 16:28, 27 February 2023
li is a particle in toki pona that separates the subject from the rest of the sentence.
Function of li
li separates the subject from the predicate. The predicate can be a verb (with or without object), a noun, an adjective, or a prepositional phrase. It is omitted when the subject is "mi" or "sina" alone.
- ona li moku.
- They eat.
- soweli li suwi.
- The dog is cute.
- kili li moku.
- Fruits are food.
- mi tawa tomo.
- I'm going home.
- sina en mi li lukin e sitelen tawa.
- You and I watch a movie.
Multiple predicates
Typically, li is repeated when multiple predicates apply to the same subject.
- ona li kama li tawa.
- They come and go.
pu says that when multiple predicates are applied to "mi" or "sina" a new sentence should start.[1]
- mi toki. mi moku.
- I speak and eat.
Many speakers, however, use a second li in this case:
- mi toki li moku.
- I speak and eat.
This is referred to as "extended li style" and has received official sanction from ku.
Etymology
The toki pona particle li is originally from the Esperanto third-person singular pronoun "li."[2] This explains pu's style of breaking a first-person sentence into two rather than applying li to a first- or second-person subject.