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Revision as of 19:11, 7 February 2024 (edit) .hecko (talk \| contribs) (→‎Headnouns other than {{tp\|jan}}: remove "speaking" which kinda collides with nearby "speech") ← Older edit		Revision as of 11:05, 9 April 2024 (edit) (undo) Menasewi (talk \| contribs) No edit summary Newer edit →
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Line 4: ==Headnouns== The {{w\|Head (linguistics)\|head}} word of a name is commonly called a '''headnoun''', though it can include earlier modifiers before the name or possibly even act as a verb. The philosophy of Toki Pona is [[Circumlocution\|describing your thoughts in simple terms]]. Therefore, the headnoun indicates the basic nature of the thing being named. In {{tp\|jan Sonja}} and {{tp\|ma Kanata}}, the headnouns are {{tp\|jan}} and {{tp\|ma}}, respectively. They tell us that {{tok\|Sonja}} is a {{tp\|jan}} ("person"), and that {{tok\|Kanata}} is a {{tp\|ma}} ("land"), which might be just enough information to realize it refers to Canada. Line 11: ===Headnouns other than {{tp\|jan}}=== ~~While the~~The most common headnoun for ~~people~~the vast majority of speakers is the word {{tp\|[[jan]]}}, meaning "person".<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://tokiponacensus.github.io/results2022/\|title=Results of the 2022 Toki Pona census\|website=Toki Pona census\|author={{tok\|jan Tamalu}}\|date=2022\|access-date=2024-02-13}}</ref> However, some speakers choose to use different ones for a variety of reasons. For example, someone who uses the headnoun {{tp\|[[waso]]}} could be: * {{w\|otherkin}} or {{w\|therian}} * a {{w\|Furry fandom\|furry}} with an avian fursona Line 18 ⟶ 19: * presenting with a bird avatar online * currently paragliding (in some [[styles of speech]])<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://lipamanka.gay/essays/my-deviations\|title=my weird deviations in toki pona\|website={{tok\|lipamanka}}.gay\|author={{tok\|lipamanka}}}}</ref> * ~~just~~casually using a fancy headnoun for fun Depending on context, speakers with unusual headnouns may be referred to simply by their headnoun. ==Writing== Line 27 ⟶ 30: ==={{tp\|sitelen pona}}=== {{Source\|Toki Pona: The Language of Good/Hieroglyphs#Proper Names\|''Toki Pona: The Language of Good'' {{sect}} Proper Names}} Names in {{tp\|[[sitelen pona]]}} are written with an [[acronym]]-like approach. A name is written as multiple words whose starting sounds match those of the name, wrapped inside a {{tp\|[[nimi]]}}-shaped box called a cartouche ({{sp\|[~~　~~{{idsp}}]}}). The exact choice of words is up to the person being named, or, failing that, the writer. This can be used to convey extra meaning, for example, writing {{tp\|toki Inli}} (English language) as {{sp\|toki [ijo ni li ike]}} ("this thing is bad"). Some speakers use syllable- or mora-based approaches instead. {{tp\|[[nasin sitelen kalama]]}} is an attempt to formalize such names while increasing readability. ==={{tp\|sitelen sitelen}}=== Line 36 ⟶ 40: Tokiponization is the process of converting a name to be compatible with Toki Pona [[phonology]] and [[phonotactics]]. The exact method of doing so varies between people, but a common method is to follow the guidelines written by {{tok\|[[jan Sonja]]}}.<ref name="tpize">{{cite web\|url=https://jan-ne.github.io/tp/tpize\|title=Proper Names\|website={{tok\|lipu pi jan Ne}}\|author=Sonja Lang}}</ref> Names don't have to be tokiponized if doing so would hinder understanding. ===Standardization=== The tokiponizations of [[place and language names]] given in {{pu}} are described as "suggestions".<ref>{{cite pu\|112}}</ref> According to a [[tokipona.org]] subdomain recounting a 2022 {{w\|Montreal}} [[meetup]], [[place name]]s are in {{w\|free variation}}, and slightly different realizations are readily understood, with "no effort or need to choose one Tokiponization as the central or standard one."<ref>{{cite web\|url=//nimi.tokipona.org\|title={{tp\|nimi ni li pona tawa jan pi kulupu ni}} / Preferred Endonyms in Toki Pona\|author={{tok\|[[jan Sonja]]}}\|username=\|date=\|website=[[tokipona.org]]\|publisher=\|archive-url=//archive.is/EJVTE\|archive-date=7 Apr 2024\|access-date=2024-04-07\|quote=}}</ref> ==Self-determination== Names ought to be determined by the person or group that they refer to. For example, if Canadian Tokiponists broadly agreed that Canada should be tokiponized differently, people should use that tokiponization. One can also [[#Breaking the rules\|break the rules]] for their name isif one so desires. If the referent has not determined their own name in Toki Pona, it is recommended to make an educated guess at what it <em>would</em> be where possible, such as by using {{w\|endonym}}s and native pronunciation. For example, the most common tokiponization for {{w\|Toronto}} is {{tp\|ma Towano}}, rather than {{tp\|ma Tolonto}},<ref name="tpize"/> matching the local pronunciation of the name ({{IPA\|[tʰəˈɹɒnow]}}). ==Against names== Line 52 ⟶ 59: ==Breaking the rules== {{~~Nonstandard\|~~Start section\|Experimental}} As with all parts of Toki Pona, tinkerers love to exceed the boundaries of what's considered a name. Examples include:<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://lipamanka.gay/essays\|title={{tok\|lipamanka}}'s essays\|website={{tok\|lipamanka}}.gay\|author={{tok\|lipamanka}}\|access-date=2024-02-13}}</ref> * intentionally using disallowed sound groups * using non-Toki Pona sounds in an otherwise tokiponized name Line 59 ⟶ 66: * not using a headnoun at all, or leaving it up to the speaker * in {{tp\|sitelen pona}}, using a custom "[[name glyph]]" that may or may not indicate pronunciation {{End section}} ==References==