kama: Difference between revisions

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'''{{tp|kama}}''' is a [[preverbcontent word]] and [[content wordpreverb]] whose [[semantic space]] includes movement towards a referent (that is, "coming", or "becomingarriving") and change of state ("arrivingbecoming").
 
==PreverbFunction==
 
===Preverb===
The main [[preverb]] sense of {{tp|kama}} is "to become". It can be used when the subject comes to do or be something that it wasn't before.
 
{{Example
{{Example|ona li <u>kama</u> pona.|It <u>became</u> good.<br/>She <u>got</u> better.<br/>They improved.}}
|ona li <u>kama</u> pona.
|It <u>became</u> good.<br/>
She <u>got</u> better.<br/>
They improved.}}
 
<!-- Example with a noun after kama -->
{{Example
{{Example|jan Alu li wile <u>kama</u> mama.|Alu wants to <u>become</u> a parent.|jan [ale luka uta] li wile kama mama.}}
|jan Alu li wile <u>kama</u> mama.
|Alu wants to <u>become</u> a parent.
|jan [ale luka uta] li wile kama mama.}}
 
<!-- Example with a transitive verb after kama -->
{{Example
{{Example|mi <u>kama lukin</u> e soweli suwi.|I <u>came to see</u> a cute animal.<br/>I <u>spotted</u> a cute animal.<br/>(First I didn't see a cute animal, and then I did.)}}
|mi <u>kama lukin</u> e soweli suwi.
|I <u>came to see</u> a cute animal.<br/>
I <u>spotted</u> a cute animal.<br/>
(At first I didn't see a cute animal, and then I did.)}}
 
===Transitive verb===
As a [[transitive verb]] followed by {{tp|[[e]]}}, {{tp|kama}} generally means to cause the [[direct object]] to come or to come about. E.g. to summon, to bring about, to cause to occur, etc.
 
{{Example
{{Example|ona li <u>kama</u> e pona.|It <u>brought</u> goodness.}}
|ona li <u>kama</u> e pona.
{{Example|o <u>kama</u> e jan sona sijelo.|<u>Make</u> a learned person of the body <u>come</u>.<br/><u>Call for</u> a doctor.}}
{{Example|ona li <u>kama</u> e pona.|It <u>brought</u> goodness.}}
 
{{Example
|o <u>kama</u> e jan sona sijelo.
{{Example|o <u>kama</u> e jan sona sijelo.|<u>Make</u> a learned person of the body <u>come</u>.<br/><u>Call for</u> a doctor.}}
<u>Call for</u> a doctor.}}
 
==Phatic expressions==
The [[Phrase Book]] section of {{puMain|en}} recommends the [[interjection]] {{tp|kama pona}} for "welcome". Word for word, it literally means "come well". For other options, see [[Phatic expressions and social conventions#Greeting|Phatic expressions and social conventions &sect; Greeting]].}}
 
The "Phrase Book" section of the book {{pu|en}} recommends the [[interjection]] {{tp|kama pona}} for "welcome". Word for word, it literally means "come well".
 
==Time==
{{Main|Time#Future|Time &sect; Future}}
{{tp|kama}} can be used to talk about the "coming time". The [[Toki Pona]] translation of this exact phrase, {{tp|tenpo kama}}, is a [[common lexicalization]] for "the future". For other options, see [[Time#Future|Time &sect; Future]].
{{Words}}