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{{tp title}}
'''''monsutatesu''''' is an analysis of [[Toki Pona]]. It posits that some words are [[wikipedia:Auto-antonym|auto-antonyms]] when used as verbs. The word is a [[tokiponization]] of "''[[monsuta]]'' test"; ''sina monsuta e mi'' can be interpreted as "you scare me" or "you fear me".
'''{{tp|monsutatesu}}''' is an analysis of [[Toki Pona]], which posits that some [[content word]]s when used as verbs are {{wp|auto-antonym}}s, that is, they have two different meanings of which one is the reverse of another. The word is derived from the Toki Pona word {{tp|[[monsuta]]}}, as it was the first to be analysed as such, and the English word "test". The sentence "{{tp|sina monsuta e mi}}" can be interpreted both as "you scare me" or "you fear me".
 
==Causes==
''monsutatesu''Some maycases beof {{tp|monsutatesu}} causedare byfrom using a word in a different [[part of speech]], then adapting that meaning back into the original part of speech. For example, ''[[{{pu]]''}} [[Tokidefines Pona Dictionary (pu){{tp|defines]] ''[[moku]]''}} as a [[verb]] meaning "to eat". When used as a [[noun]], it is interpreted as something that is eaten: "food". If this noun sense is used as a verb, it means "to be food", with the inverse relation of its definition. Compare {{tp|mi moku [[e]] ona}} ("I eat it") and {{tp|mi moku ona}} ("I am its food").
 
==Words analyzed under ''{{tp|monsutatesu''}}==
In theThe following table, ''E''shows a list of words analyzed under {{tp|monsutatesu}}. The letter <var>X</var> stands for the direct [[object]] of a [[transitive verb]]. Senses without ''E''it are [[intransitive verb|intransitive]].
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! rowspan="2" |''nimi'' Word
! colspan="2" | Meaning
! rowspan="2" | Noted by
|-
! Subject as agent
! Subject as patient or other
|-
|'' {{tp|[[monsutakalama]]''}}
| to be scaryplay; to scaremake <var>X</var> make ''E''sound
| to be afraidsound; to fearmake the sound ''E''<var>X</var>
| {{tok|ike Pike}}<ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|janKipo<ref>janKipo. "[//forums.tokipona.org/viewtopic.php?p=9294&sid=9f93ae0f9a42d83f4309ded52c9b269e#p9294 Re: monsuta moli]". [[Toki Pona Forums]]. October 4, 2010.<blockquote>Does 'monsuta' as vt mean "be afraid of", as here, or "frighten"? The latter seems more reasonable somehow.</blockquote></ref><ref name="lipu kule">kala pona Tonyu. "[//lipukule.org/post/2021/01/29/monsutatesu monsutatesu]". ''[[lipu kule]]'', ''tenpo mun nanpa wan'', 2021.</ref>▼
|-
|'' {{tp|[[mamalawa]]''}}
| to be a parenthead; to nurturecontrol ''E''<var>X</var>
| to put in charge; to make ''E''<var>X</var> a parenthead
| {{tok|ike Pike}}<ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|jan Likipi<ref>On the <code>toki uta</code> voice channel in ''[[ma pona pi toki pona]]'', then discussed in the <code>#sona-musi</code> text channel</ref><ref name="lipu kule" />
|-
|'' {{tp|[[lawamama]]''}}
| to be a headparent; to controlnurture ''E''<var>X</var>
|to put in charge; to make ''E''<var>X</var> a headparent
| {{tok|jan Likipi}}<ref>{{cite Discord|name={{tok|jan Likipi}}|username=lilscribby|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/375591429608570881/737752639961432225|message type=Messages|channel={{tok|sona-musi}}|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}}}
|rowspan="3"|A ''[[ma pona pi toki pona|mpptp]]'' member<ref name="lipu kule" />
<blockquote>
re: what's {{tok|monsutatesu}}<br/>
{{tok|mi mama e ona}} means what?<br/>
usually "I created it" or "I parent/nurture it"<br/>
but that's backwards from the normal transitivity rules which would say "I make it into a parent"<br/>
which doesnt make much sense</blockquote></ref><ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{tp|''[[moku]]''}}▼
|''[[kalama]]''
| rowspan="2" | to consume (''E''<var>X</var>)▼
|to sound; to make the sound ''E''
| to playgive fuel; to make ''E'' makefeed sound<var>X</var>
| {{tok|ike Pike}}<ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|-
| to be fuel<ref group="note" name="tv synlower-alpha">Fails ''{{tp|monsutatesu''}} as a transitive verb.</ref>▼
▲|rowspan="2"|''[[moku]]''
|{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}}<ref>{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}} (13 December 2015). "[https://youtuwww.beyoutube.com/watch?v=4L-dvvng4Zc?t=148 "Day One: Reading and Whatnot]"] (2:28&ndash;2:42),. ''[[12 Days of sona pi toki pona|12 Days of {{tok|sona pi toki pona}}]]''. ''YouTube. December 13, 2015''.</ref>▼
▲|rowspan="2"|to consume (''E'')
|to give fuel; to feed ''E''
|-
| {{tp|[[monsuta]]}}
▲|to be fuel<ref group="note" name="tv syn">Fails ''monsutatesu'' as a transitive verb</ref>
| to be scary; to scare <var>X</var>
▲|[[jan Misali]]<ref>[[jan Misali]]. "[//youtu.be/4L-dvvng4Zc?t=148 Day One: Reading and Whatnot]" (2:28&ndash;2:42), ''[[12 Days of sona pi toki pona]]''. YouTube. December 13, 2015.</ref>
| to be afraid; to fear <var>X</var>
▲|janKipo {{tok|jan Kipo}}<ref>{{tok|janKipo}} (4 October 2010). "[//forums.tokipona.org/viewtopic.php?p=9294&sid=9f93ae0f9a42d83f4309ded52c9b269e#p9294 Re: {{tok|monsuta moli}}]". [[''Toki Pona Forums]]. October 4, 2010''.<blockquote>Does '{{tok|monsuta}}' as vt mean "be afraid of", as here, or "frighten"? The latter seems more reasonable somehow.</blockquote></ref><ref name="lipu kuletonyu2019">{{tok|kala pona Tonyu}} (29 January 2021). "[//lipukule.org/post/2021/01/29/monsutatesu "{{tok|monsutatesu}}"]". ''{{tp|[[lipu kule]]'', ''tenpo mun nanpa wan'', 2021}}.</ref>
|-
|'' {{tp|[[musi]]''}}
| to be fun; to entertain ''E''<var>X</var>
| to have fun; to enjoy ''E''<var>X</var>
| {{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}<ref>{{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}. [//mun.la/lipu/monsutatesu-isnt-special {{tok|Monsutatesu}} isn’t special (scrap)]. mun! (''mun.la)''.</ref>
|-
| {{tp|[[nasa]]}}
| to be confusing; to confuse <var>X</var>
| to make <var>X</var> confusing
| {{tok|jan Juwan}}<ref>{{tok|jan Juwan}} [jnpoJuwan] (29 September 2023). [https://github.com/lipu-linku/pali-nimi/issues/38#issue-1919905893 nasa #38]. ''GitHub''. Retrieved 16 November 2023.</ref>
|}
 
<references group="note" />▼
==Notes==
▲<references group="notelower-alpha" />
 
==References==
Retrieved from "https://sona.pona.la/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/1213...15178"