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{{tp title}}
'''{{tp|monsutatesu}}''' is an analysis of [[Toki Pona]]., Itwhich positsposists that some [[content word]]s when used as verbs are [[wikipedia:Auto-antonym{{wp|auto-antonyms]]antonym}}, whenthat usedis, asthey verbshave two different meanings of which one is the reverse of another. The word is aderived [[tokiponization]]from ofthe Toki Pona word "{{tp|[[monsuta]]}}, as it was the first to be analysed as such, and the English word "test";. The sentence "{{tp|sina monsuta e mi}}" can be interpreted both as "you scare me" or "you fear me".
 
==Causes==
Some cases of {{tp|monsutatesu}} are from using a word in a different [[part of speech]], then adapting that meaning back into the original part of speech. For example, {{pu}} defines {{tp|[[moku]]}} as a verb meaning "to eat". When used as a noun, it is interpreted as something that is eaten: "food". If this noun sense is used as a verb, it means "to be food", with the inverse relation of its definition. Compare {{tp|mi moku [[e]] ona}} ("I eat it") and {{tp|mi moku ona}} ("I am its food").
 
For example, {{tp|[[pu]]}} [[Toki Pona Dictionary (pu)|defines]] {{tp|[[moku]]}} as a verb meaning "to eat". When used as a noun, it is interpreted as something that is eaten: "food". If this noun sense is used as a verb, it means "to be food", with the inverse relation of its definition.
 
Compare {{tp|mi moku <ins>[[e]] ona</ins>}} ("I eat <ins>it</ins>"), {{tp|mi moku <ins>[[modifier|ona]]</ins>}} ("I am <ins>its</ins> food").
 
==Words analyzed under {{tp|monsutatesu}}==
In theThe following table, shows a list of words analyzed under {{tp|monsutatesu}}. The letter <var>EX</var> stands for the direct [[object]] of a [[transitive verb]]. Senses without <var>E</var>it are [[intransitive verb|intransitive]].
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! rowspan="2" |{{tp|nimi}} Word
! colspan="2" | Meaning
! rowspan="2" | Noted by
|-
! Subject as agent
! Subject as patient or other
|-
| {{tp|[[monsutakalama]]}}
| to be scaryplay; to scaremake <var>EX</var> make sound
| to be afraidsound; to fearmake the sound <var>EX</var>
| ike Pike<ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|{{tok|janKipo}}<ref>{{tok|janKipo}}. "[//forums.tokipona.org/viewtopic.php?p=9294&sid=9f93ae0f9a42d83f4309ded52c9b269e#p9294 Re: monsuta moli]". [[Toki Pona Forums]]. October 4, 2010.<blockquote>Does 'monsuta' as vt mean "be afraid of", as here, or "frighten"? The latter seems more reasonable somehow.</blockquote></ref><ref name="lipu kule">kala pona Tonyu. "[//lipukule.org/post/2021/01/29/monsutatesu monsutatesu]". {{tp|[[lipu kule]]}}, {{tp|tenpo mun nanpa wan}}, 2021.</ref>▼
|-
| {{tp|[[mamalawa]]}}
| to be a parenthead; to nurturecontrol <var>EX</var>
| to put in charge; to make <var>EX</var> a parenthead
| ike Pike<ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|{{tok|jan Likipi}}<ref>On the <code>toki uta</code> voice channel in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}}, then discussed in the <code>#sona-musi</code> text channel</ref><ref name="lipu kule" />
|-
| {{tp|[[lawamama]]}}
| to be a headparent; to controlnurture <var>EX</var>
|to put in charge; to make <var>EX</var> a headparent
| {{tok|jan Likipi}}<ref>jan Likipi (@lilscribby) (28 July 2020). [https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/375591429608570881/737752639961432225 Message on the <code>#{{tok|sona-musi}}</code> channel of the {{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}} Discord server].<blockquote>
|rowspan="3"|A [[ma pona pi toki pona|{{tp|mpptp}}]] member<ref name="lipu kule" />
re: what's monsutatesu<br/>
mi mama e ona means what?<br/>
usually "I created it" or "I parent/nurture it"<br/>
but that's backwards from the normal transitivity rules which would say "I make it into a parent"<br/>
which doesnt make much sense</blockquote></ref><ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{tp|[[kalamamoku]]}}
|to play;rowspan="2" | to makeconsume (<var>EX</var> make sound)
| to soundgive fuel; to make the soundfeed <var>EX</var>
| ike Pike<ref name="tonyu2019"/>
|-
| to be fuel<ref group="lower-alpha" name="tv syn">Fails {{tp|monsutatesu}} as a transitive verb.</ref>▼
|rowspan="2"|{{tp|[[moku]]}}
|{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}}<ref>{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}} (13 December 2015). "[//youtu.be/4L-dvvng4Zc?t=148 Day One: Reading and Whatnot]" (2:28&ndash;2:42),. [[12 Days of sona pi toki pona|''12 Days of {{tok|sona pi toki pona}}'']]. ''YouTube. December 13, 2015''.</ref>▼
|rowspan="2"|to consume (<var>E</var>)
|to give fuel; to feed <var>E</var>▼
|-
| {{tp|[[monsuta]]}}
▲|to be fuel<ref group="lower-alpha" name="tv syn">Fails {{tp|monsutatesu}} as a transitive verb</ref>
▲| to givebe fuelscary; to feedscare <var>EX</var>
▲|{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}}<ref>{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}}. "[//youtu.be/4L-dvvng4Zc?t=148 Day One: Reading and Whatnot]" (2:28&ndash;2:42), [[12 Days of sona pi toki pona|''12 Days of {{tok|sona pi toki pona}}'']]. YouTube. December 13, 2015.</ref>
| to be afraid; to fear <var>X</var>
▲| {{tok|janKipojan Kipo}}<ref>{{tok|janKipo}} (4 October 2010). "[//forums.tokipona.org/viewtopic.php?p=9294&sid=9f93ae0f9a42d83f4309ded52c9b269e#p9294 Re: monsuta moli]". [[''Toki Pona Forums]]. October 4, 2010''.<blockquote>Does 'monsuta' as vt mean "be afraid of", as here, or "frighten"? The latter seems more reasonable somehow.</blockquote></ref><ref name="lipu kuletonyu2019">{{tok|kala pona Tonyu}} (29 January 2021). "[//lipukule.org/post/2021/01/29/monsutatesu monsutatesu]". {{tp|[[lipu kule]]}}, {{tp|tenpo mun nanpa wan}}, 2021.</ref>
|-
| {{tp|[[musi]]}}
| to be fun; to entertain <var>EX</var>
| to have fun; to enjoy <var>EX</var>
| {{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}<ref>{{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}. [//mun.la/lipu/monsutatesu-isnt-special Monsutatesu isn’t special (scrap)]. mun! (''mun.la)''.</ref>
|}
 
<references group="lower-alpha" />▼
==Notes==
▲<references group="lower-alpha" />
 
==References==
Retrieved from "https://sona.pona.la/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/3374"