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'''{{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}}''' refers to a common method of writing names in {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} which does not rely on spelling out names glyph by glyph. It was created by {{tp|waso}} (nameless) of {{tp|kulupu kasi}} as a response to similar, but unmarked systems, which she felt were too unreadable.{{citation needed}}
'''{{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}}''' is a popular alternative method of writing names in {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} based on {{w|Mora (linguistics)|morae}}. It was created by {{tok|jan Pumiko}} of {{tok|kulupu kasi}} as a response to similar, but unmarked systems, which she felt were too unreadable.


==Description==
==Description==
[[File:jan Kulumin Sinpin.png|thumb|{{tp|jan Kulumin Sinpin}}, written in {{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}} as {{sp|jan [kulupu <mark>&#xF199C; &#xF199C;</mark> mi <mark>&#xF199C;</mark> nasin] [sinpin <mark>&#xF199D;</mark>]}}]]
[[File:jan Kulumin Sinpin.png|thumb|{{tp|jan Kulumin Sinpin}}, written in {{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}}]]


The system is primarily based on {{w|Mora (linguistics)|morae}}, a unit of speech similar to a {{w|syllable}}. In the [[moraic analysis]] of Toki Pona, a mora is either a vowel (V), a consonant–vowel pair (CV), or the [[coda n|coda {{tp|-n}}]] (N). For example, the word {{tp|anpa}} is split into the morae {{tp|a-n-pa}}.
* This writing system goes with the pu system, where symbols read by their first letter. You can mix these systems!
* A '''mora''' is like a '''syllable''', but ends at the vowel because '''-n''' is a mora! '''na n pa'''
* Each dot (<code>·</code>) completes the next mora. ['''<u>a</u>'''<span style="opacity:0.5;">npa</span>] → ['''<u>an</u>'''<span style="opacity:0.5;">pa</span>'''&nbsp;·&nbsp;'''] → ['''<u>anpa</u>&nbsp;·&nbsp;·&nbsp;''']
* Colons (<code>:</code>) add the whole word. ['''<u>k</u>'''<span style="opacity:0.5;">epeken</span>] → ['''<u>ke</u>'''<span style="opacity:0.5;">peken</span>'''&nbsp;·&nbsp;'''] → ['''<u>kepe</u>'''<span style="opacity:0.5;">ken</span>'''&nbsp;·&nbsp;·&nbsp;'''] → ['''<u>kepeke</u>'''<span style="opacity:0.5;">n</span>'''&nbsp;·&nbsp;·&nbsp;·&nbsp;'''] → ['''<u>kepeken</u>&nbsp;:&nbsp;''']
* Everything is equally spaced, dots and colons too!
* Dots can be replaced by similar symbols, and colons can be replaced by the fullwidth slash. Also, these symbols can go underneath the cartouche’s edges in a certain way of writing to save space.


In {{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}}, a word followed by no symbol is read as its first letter, similarly to the system in {{lipu pu}}. Each dot adds another mora. For example:
===What is a mora?===

{{Main|Moraic analysis}}
:{|
In mora-timed languages, there are groups of sounds called morae (plural of “mora”) that are each the same duration.
|-
For example, in Japanese, morae can be V, CV, CyV, N (a nasal sound), or Q (a lengthening of the next consonant), and all of these get pronounced with the same duration.
| {{sp|jan [pona]}}
Most fluent toki pona speakers pronounce toki pona this way, where V, CV, and N are morae, meaning that “kon” is pronounced about twice as long as “ko,” and “pan” and “pana” are the same length.
| *{{tp|jan P}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [pona ..]}}
| {{tp|jan Po}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [pona .. ..]}}
| {{tp|jan Pona}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [taso .. pona .. linja .. ..]}}
| {{tp|jan Tapolin}}
|}

If the word starts in a valid mora (i.e. a single vowel), the first dot indicates the next mora. For example:

:{|
|-
| {{sp|jan [anpa]}}
| {{tp|jan A}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [anpa ..]}}
| {{tp|jan An}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [anpa .. ..]}}
| {{tp|jan Anpa}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [en .. wile ..]}}
| {{tp|jan Enwi}}
|}

{{w|Colon (punctuation)|Colons}} indicate the entire word and is equivalent to dots with the number of morae in the word. For example:

:{|
|-
| {{sp|jan [kepeken]}}
| *{{tp|jan K}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [kepeken ::]}}
| {{tp|jan Kepeken}}
|-
| {{sp|jan [pali :: jo ::]}}
| {{tp|jan Palijo}}
|}

In writing, the dots and colons are usually placed in the midline of the text and sometimes with {{w|fullwidth}}.


==History==
==History==


===Attempts at syllabic spellings before the system===
===Previous attempts at syllabic spellings===
Over time, some sitelen pona users began to write their names in more experimental ways. Based on the existing pu way of representing a name by writing a sitelen pona character for each letter in the name inside of a cartouche, these ways veered off into usually using less characters to form the sounds of the name. Among these were:
Over time, some {{tp|sitelen pona}} users began to write their names in more experimental ways. Based on the existing {{tp|pu}} way of representing a name by writing a {{tp|sitelen pona}} character for each letter in the name inside of a cartouche, these ways changed into usually using less characters to write a name. These experimental methods include:

* Preferring a glyph to be used syllabically:

:{|
|-
| {{sp|jan [sitelen sona]}}
| {{tp|jan Siso}}
|-
| {{sp|nimi [insa pan telo]}}
| {{tp|nimi Inpante}}
|}

* Impossible sequences of sounds adding sounds based on what the next sound in the sitelen pona character would be:

:{|
|-
| {{sp|jan [sitelen sona ale]}}
| *{{tp|jan Ssa}} → {{tp|jan Sisa}}
|-
| {{sp|telo [uta anpa]}}
| *{{tp|telo Ua}} → {{tp|telo Uja}}
|}

* Using different forms to the cartouches to indicate a name that is spelled like a word:

:{|
|-
| {{sp|kasi {seli}|font=linja lipamanka}}
| {{tp|kasi Seli}}
|-
| {{sp|nimi {insa pan telo}|font=linja lipamanka}}
| {{tp|nimi Insa Pan Telo}} / {{tp|nimi Insapantelo}}
|}

* Characters get combined to form syllables:

:{|
|-
| {{sp|soweli [kili-awen wile-esun]|font=linja lipamanka}}
| {{tp|soweli Kawe}}
|}


* Preferring a glyph to be used syllabically: {{sp|jan [sitelen sona]}} → jan Siso, {{sp|nimi [insa pan telo]}} → nimi Inpante
* Impossible sequences of sounds adding sounds based on what the next sound in the sitelen pona character would be: {{sp|jan [sitelen sona ale]}} → jan Ssa → jan Sisa, {{sp|telo [uta anpa]}} → telo Ua → telo Uja, {{sp|nimi [insa pan ale]}} → nimi Ipa
* Using different forms to the cartouches to signify a name that is spelled like a word: {{sp|kasi {seli<nowiki>}</nowiki>}} → kasi Seli, {{sp|nimi {insa pan telo<nowiki>}</nowiki>}} → nimi Insa Pan Telo (or nimi Insapantelo)
* Characters get combined to form syllables: {{sp|soweli [kili-awen wile-esun]}} → soweli Kawe
None of these were solidified and virtually all of them were met with confusion by others for a number of reasons. For example, forming cartouches differently is just something that happens in handwriting and isn't really enough to mark the cartouche as having a different system; unmarked systems are largely backwards-incompatible with pu spelling and it's not clear if [insa pan ale] spells out Ipa or Inpana or Insapanale or anything in-between; unexpectedly encountering another system stops reading flow and requires nice knowledge; no one can agree on using the same system
None of these were solidified and virtually all of them were met with confusion by others for a number of reasons. For example, forming cartouches differently is just something that happens in handwriting and isn't really enough to mark the cartouche as having a different system; unmarked systems are largely backwards-incompatible with pu spelling and it's not clear if [insa pan ale] spells out Ipa or Inpana or Insapanale or anything in-between; unexpectedly encountering another system stops reading flow and requires nice knowledge; no one can agree on using the same system


===Creation of {{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}}===
===Creation of {{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}}===
[[File:nsk.png|250px|thumb|alt=Screenshot from a discord message in sitelen pona: "toki a. mi pali e nasin sitelen sin. ona la sina ken sitelen pona e kalama pi nimi sina. nasin ni li: sitelen nimi wan la o toki e kalama open taso. kalama [nena] li sama nimi n. sitelen [dot] li lon poka pi sitelen nimi la o toki e kulupu open pi nimi ni. kalama [mu dot] li sama nimi mu. sina pana e sitelen [dot] mute la o toki e kulupu kalama ante. nimi [kalama dot dot] li sama nimi kala. sitelen [colon] li lon poka la o toki e ale nimi. nimi [telo colon] li sama nimi telo. nasin ni la sina ken lili e sitelen kalama sina li ken sona pona e ona. -jan Pumiko"|Original message describing nasin sitelen kalama]]
{{Empty}}

{{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}} was created by {{tok|jan Pumiko}}, a member of the {{tok|kulupu kasi}} system, in 2022. This was in order to formalize the previous systems.


===Adoption===
===Adoption===
{{Needs work|scope=section}}

In an informal emoji reactions poll on the Discord server ma pona pi toki pona<ref>[https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/828474497865744444/1067795425278562334 link to poll], data from 2023-01-30; 72 responses, of these, 62 reported being able to read sp and 54 reported writing in sitelen pona</ref>, 77.4% of those who can read sitelen pona and 81.5% of those who write in sitelen pona can read nasin sitelen kalama. 54.8% of sp readers and 61.1% of sp writers use it.
In an informal emoji reactions poll on the Discord server ma pona pi toki pona<ref>[https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/828474497865744444/1067795425278562334 link to poll], data from 2023-01-30; 72 responses, of these, 62 reported being able to read sp and 54 reported writing in sitelen pona</ref>, 77.4% of those who can read sitelen pona and 81.5% of those who write in sitelen pona can read nasin sitelen kalama. 54.8% of sp readers and 61.1% of sp writers use it.


==Applications==
==Applications==
[[File:Kijetesantakalu sewi (sitelen pona) - chorus.png|250px|thumb|{{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}} used to indicate morae in the sheet music for {{tp|kijetesantakalu sewi}}]]
{{Needs work|Add images instead of formatting|section}}


{{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}} can be used to write {{tp|sitelen pona}} lyrics in [[sheet music]]. For example, <big style="font-size:2em;">{{ruby|position=under|♩|{{tp|ke}}||-|♩|{{tp|pe}}||-|♩|{{tp|ke}}||-|♩|{{tp|n}}}}</big> can be written as <big style="font-size:2em;">{{ruby|position=under|♩|<small>{{sp|kepeken &#xF199C;}}</small>|♩|<small>{{sp|&#xF199C;}}</small>|♩|<small>{{sp|&#xF199C;}}</small>|♩|<small>{{sp|&#xF199C;}}</small>}}</big>.
{{tp|nasin sitelen kalama}} can be used to write {{tp|sitelen pona}} lyrics in [[sheet music]].


==Criticism==
==Criticism and limitations==
{{Needs work|scope=section}}
* small dots are too easy to mistake for "lili"
* small dots are too easy to mistake for "lili"
* people use it as if it were the new default system, but it's only meant to formalise a way for the people who would otherwise use much worse systems, not to replace or officially expand the sitelen pona cartouches
* people use it as if it were the new default system, but it's only meant to formalise a way for the people who would otherwise use much worse systems, not to replace or officially expand the sitelen pona cartouches
*Cartouches may be [[ambiguous]] on the rare, but feasible, occasion that multiple words share a glyph. Examples include {{spt|[󱤄󱦝]}} representing {{tp|Ale}} or {{tp|Ali}}, and, less standardly, the case of [[abbreviation]]s with different pronunciations but unchanged glyphs.
*Cartouches may be [[ambiguous]] on the rare, but feasible, occasion that multiple words share a glyph. Examples include {{spt|[ale ::]}} representing {{tp|Ale}} or {{tp|Ali}}, and, less standardly, the case of [[abbreviation]]s with different pronunciations but unchanged glyphs.


==References==
==References==
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{{SP nav}}
{{SP nav}}
[[Category:sitelen pona]]
[[Category:sitelen pona]]
[[Category:Styles of Toki Pona]]
[[Category:Styles of speech]]

Latest revision as of 16:56, 29 May 2024

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nasin sitelen kalama is a popular alternative method of writing names in sitelen pona based on morae. It was created by jan Pumiko of kulupu kasi as a response to similar, but unmarked systems, which she felt were too unreadable.

Description[edit | edit source]

jan Kulumin Sinpin, written in nasin sitelen kalama

The system is primarily based on morae, a unit of speech similar to a syllable. In the moraic analysis of Toki Pona, a mora is either a vowel (V), a consonant–vowel pair (CV), or the coda -n (N). For example, the word anpa is split into the morae a-n-pa.

In nasin sitelen kalama, a word followed by no symbol is read as its first letter, similarly to the system in pu. Each dot adds another mora. For example:

jan [pona] *jan P
jan [pona ..] jan Po
jan [pona .. ..] jan Pona
jan [taso .. pona .. linja .. ..] jan Tapolin

If the word starts in a valid mora (i.e. a single vowel), the first dot indicates the next mora. For example:

jan [anpa] jan A
jan [anpa ..] jan An
jan [anpa .. ..] jan Anpa
jan [en .. wile ..] jan Enwi

Colons indicate the entire word and is equivalent to dots with the number of morae in the word. For example:

jan [kepeken] *jan K
jan [kepeken ::] jan Kepeken
jan [pali :: jo ::] jan Palijo

In writing, the dots and colons are usually placed in the midline of the text and sometimes with fullwidth.

History[edit | edit source]

Previous attempts at syllabic spellings[edit | edit source]

Over time, some sitelen pona users began to write their names in more experimental ways. Based on the existing pu way of representing a name by writing a sitelen pona character for each letter in the name inside of a cartouche, these ways changed into usually using less characters to write a name. These experimental methods include:

  • Preferring a glyph to be used syllabically:
jan [sitelen sona] jan Siso
nimi [insa pan telo] nimi Inpante
  • Impossible sequences of sounds adding sounds based on what the next sound in the sitelen pona character would be:
jan [sitelen sona ale] *jan Ssa → jan Sisa
telo [uta anpa] *telo Ua → telo Uja
  • Using different forms to the cartouches to indicate a name that is spelled like a word:
kasi {seli} kasi Seli
nimi {insa pan telo} nimi Insa Pan Telo / nimi Insapantelo
  • Characters get combined to form syllables:
soweli [kili-awen wile-esun] soweli Kawe

None of these were solidified and virtually all of them were met with confusion by others for a number of reasons. For example, forming cartouches differently is just something that happens in handwriting and isn't really enough to mark the cartouche as having a different system; unmarked systems are largely backwards-incompatible with pu spelling and it's not clear if [insa pan ale] spells out Ipa or Inpana or Insapanale or anything in-between; unexpectedly encountering another system stops reading flow and requires nice knowledge; no one can agree on using the same system

Creation of nasin sitelen kalama[edit | edit source]

Screenshot from a discord message in sitelen pona: "toki a. mi pali e nasin sitelen sin. ona la sina ken sitelen pona e kalama pi nimi sina. nasin ni li: sitelen nimi wan la o toki e kalama open taso. kalama [nena] li sama nimi n. sitelen [dot] li lon poka pi sitelen nimi la o toki e kulupu open pi nimi ni. kalama [mu dot] li sama nimi mu. sina pana e sitelen [dot] mute la o toki e kulupu kalama ante. nimi [kalama dot dot] li sama nimi kala. sitelen [colon] li lon poka la o toki e ale nimi. nimi [telo colon] li sama nimi telo. nasin ni la sina ken lili e sitelen kalama sina li ken sona pona e ona. -jan Pumiko"
Original message describing nasin sitelen kalama

nasin sitelen kalama was created by jan Pumiko, a member of the kulupu kasi system, in 2022. This was in order to formalize the previous systems.

Adoption[edit | edit source]

Under construction This section needs work. If you know about this topic, you can help us by editing it. (See all)

In an informal emoji reactions poll on the Discord server ma pona pi toki pona[1], 77.4% of those who can read sitelen pona and 81.5% of those who write in sitelen pona can read nasin sitelen kalama. 54.8% of sp readers and 61.1% of sp writers use it.

Applications[edit | edit source]

nasin sitelen kalama used to indicate morae in the sheet music for kijetesantakalu sewi

nasin sitelen kalama can be used to write sitelen pona lyrics in sheet music.

Criticism and limitations[edit | edit source]

Under construction This section needs work. If you know about this topic, you can help us by editing it. (See all)
  • small dots are too easy to mistake for "lili"
  • people use it as if it were the new default system, but it's only meant to formalise a way for the people who would otherwise use much worse systems, not to replace or officially expand the sitelen pona cartouches
  • Cartouches may be ambiguous on the rare, but feasible, occasion that multiple words share a glyph. Examples include [ale ::] representing Ale or Ali, and, less standardly, the case of abbreviations with different pronunciations but unchanged glyphs.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ link to poll, data from 2023-01-30; 72 responses, of these, 62 reported being able to read sp and 54 reported writing in sitelen pona
Features Words · Combined glyphs · Extended glyphs · Radicals · nasin sitelen kalama (pi linja lili)
Usage History · Literature · Fonts (Guidelines) · UCSUR · ASCII · Wakalito
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