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{{nimi
| PoS = particle
}}
'''{{tp|o}}''' is a [[particle]] used to express desires and wishes, as well as to call out to a listener.
==
===Imperative and optative===
{{tp|o}} is used to indicate an {{w|imperative mood|imperative}}, expressing a command or instruction. In this case, the particle {{tp|[[li]]}} is replaced by {{tp|o}} and the [[subject]] may optionally be ommited. Unlike {{tp|li}}, the particle {{tp|o}} can be used following {{tp|[[mi]]}} or {{tp|[[sina]]}}.
{{Example
|o kama sona e toki pona!
|Learn Toki Pona!
|o kama sona e toki-pona
}}
{{Example
|o pakala ala e ijo mi!
|Do not break my things!
|o pakala ala e ijo mi
}}
{{tp|o}} is also used to indicate an {{w|optative mood}}, expressing a wish or hope. In many cases, it can be translated with "should" or with sentences starting with "may". In some cases it is used to express "must" or "have to", a meaning that is traditionally covered by {{tp|[[wile]]}}.
{{Example|mi o lape.|I should sleep. (i.e. It would be better if I went to sleep)}}
{{Example|sijelo sina o kama pona.|May your body become good/healthy. (i.e. I wish for your body to become healthy)<br>I hope you get better!}}
===Vocative===
{{tp|o}}, following a word or phrase, indicates a {{w|vocative phrase}}, expressing that the speaker is addressing that person, place, or thing. The phrase may either go before or after the rest of the sentence.
{{Example
|toki, jan ale o!
|Hi, everybody!
|toki {{idsp}} jan-ale o
}}
{{Example
|soweli mi o, sina moku e lipu mi tan seme?
|Doggo, why did you eat my homework?
|soweli mi o {{idsp}} sina moku e lipu mi tan seme
}}
If {{tp|o}} comes before the addressee instead, it becomes a command to <em>be</em> or <em>personify</em> them. For example, {{tp|o jan ale!}} means "Be everyone!" and {{tp|o soweli mi!}} means "Be my pet!"
Combining both imperative and vocative phrases together can be expressed with a single {{tp|o}}:
{{Example
|jan Alu o kama!
|Come, {{tok|Alu}}!
|jan [ale luka uta] o kama
}}
Alternatively, they may be separated:{{citation needed|reason=Unsure if this is an alternative method or a ungrammatical method.}}
{{Example
|jan Alu o, o kama!
|Come, {{tok|Alu}}!
|jan [ale luka uta] o {{idsp}} o kama
}}
==Definitions==
==={{tp|ku}}===
For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|o}}:<ref>{{cite ku|304}}</ref>
{{ku data}}
==History==
{{Start section|Historical}}
Some speakers, such as {{tok|jan Kipo}} (John Clifford), preferred using the particle {{tp|o}} as sentence-initial particle instead of it substituting {{tp|li}} or another similar particle.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/stefichjo/toki-pona/blob/master/kipo.md|title=Dialectal Toki Pona (KIPO)|website=GitHub|author=Stephan Schneider ({{tok|jan Tepan}})|date=2015}}</ref> Nowadays this is considered nonstandard.
{{Example
|o ona li lape pona.
|Let her rest well.
}}
{{End section}}
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}==
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|o}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|o}}}}) is composed of the [[Radicals|punctuation stem]] and the lowercase Latin letter ''O''. The punctuation stem can be drawn upright ({{sp|1=<span style="font-feature-settings:'ss16';">o</span>|font="sitelen seli kiwen asuki"}}) or at a diagonal ({{sp|1=<span style="font-feature-settings:'ss17';">o</span>|font="sitelen seli kiwen asuki"}}). Compare the glyphs for {{tp|[[a]]}}, {{tp|[[kin]]}}, and {{tp|[[n]]}}.
=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}==
{{Empty}}
<!--The {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}} glyph for {{tp|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}} ({{ss|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}}) depicts/represents/is derived from/is composed of ….-->
==References==
<references/>
==
===Resources===
* {{lipu pu|en}}: Lesson 10
* {{tok|jan Kekan San}}: [https://mun.la/sona/o.html Instructions with {{tok|o}}]
* {{tok|jan Lentan}}: [https://lipu-sona.pona.la/7.html Lesson 7]
* {{tok|jan Misali}}: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZpA_XA5FmU tokiponization (toki pona lesson three)]
* {{tok|soweli Tesa}}: [https://lipu-sona.kittycat.homes/en/o Lesson 13]
* {{tp|nasin toki pona}}: [https://github.com/kilipan/nasin-toki#the-particle-o the particle {{tok|o}}]
* Jonathal Gabel: [https://jonathangabel.com/toki-pona/commands/ Interjections and Commands]
===Dictionaries===
* {{R:Linku}}
* {{R:Wikipesija}}
* {{R:Wiktionary}}
{{Words}}
[[Category:Particles]]
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