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{{tp title}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''monsutatesu''}}
'''''monsutatesu''''' is an analysis of [[Toki Pona]]. It posits that some [[content word]]s are [[wikipedia:Auto-antonym|auto-antonyms]] when used as verbs. The word is a [[tokiponization]] of "''[[monsuta]]'' test"; ''sina monsuta e mi'' can be interpreted as "you scare me" or "you fear me".
'''{{tp|monsutatesu}}''' is an analysis of [[Toki Pona]]. It posits that some [[content word]]s are [[wikipedia:Auto-antonym|auto-antonyms]] when used as verbs. The word is a [[tokiponization]] of "{{tp|[[monsuta]]}} test"; {{tp|sina monsuta e mi}} can be interpreted as "you scare me" or "you fear me".


==Causes==
==Causes==
Some cases of ''monsutatesu'' are from using a word in a different [[part of speech]], then adapting that meaning back into the original part of speech.
Some cases of {{tp|monsutatesu}} are from using a word in a different [[part of speech]], then adapting that meaning back into the original part of speech.


:For example, ''[[pu]]'' [[Toki Pona Dictionary (pu)|defines]] ''[[moku]]'' as a verb meaning "to eat". When used as a noun, it is interpreted as something that is eaten: "food". If this noun sense is used as a verb, it means "to be food", with the inverse relation of its definition.
:For example, {{tp|[[pu]]}} [[Toki Pona Dictionary (pu)|defines]] {{tp|[[moku]]}} as a verb meaning "to eat". When used as a noun, it is interpreted as something that is eaten: "food". If this noun sense is used as a verb, it means "to be food", with the inverse relation of its definition.
:Compare ''mi moku [[e]] ona'' ("I eat it"), ''mi moku [[modifier|ona]]'' ("I am its food.").
:Compare {{tp|mi moku [[e]] ona}} ("I eat it"), {{tp|mi moku [[modifier|ona]]}} ("I am its food.").


==Words analyzed under ''monsutatesu''==
==Words analyzed under {{tp|monsutatesu}}==
In the following table, ''E'' stands for the direct [[object]] of a [[transitive verb]]. Senses without ''E'' are [[intransitive verb|intransitive]].
In the following table, <var>E</var> stands for the direct [[object]] of a [[transitive verb]]. Senses without <var>E</var> are [[intransitive verb|intransitive]].


{|class="wikitable sortable"
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!rowspan="2"|''nimi''
!rowspan="2"|{{tp|nimi}}
!colspan="2"|Meaning
!colspan="2"|Meaning
!rowspan="2"|Noted by
!rowspan="2"|Noted by
Line 19: Line 19:
!Subject as patient or other
!Subject as patient or other
|-
|-
|''[[monsuta]]''
|{{tp|[[monsuta]]}}
|to be scary; to scare ''E''
|to be scary; to scare <var>E</var>
|to be afraid; to fear ''E''
|to be afraid; to fear <var>E</var>
|janKipo<ref>janKipo. "[//forums.tokipona.org/viewtopic.php?p=9294&sid=9f93ae0f9a42d83f4309ded52c9b269e#p9294 Re: monsuta moli]". [[Toki Pona Forums]]. October 4, 2010.<blockquote>Does 'monsuta' as vt mean "be afraid of", as here, or "frighten"? The latter seems more reasonable somehow.</blockquote></ref><ref name="lipu kule">kala pona Tonyu. "[//lipukule.org/post/2021/01/29/monsutatesu monsutatesu]". ''[[lipu kule]]'', ''tenpo mun nanpa wan'', 2021.</ref>
|{{tok|janKipo}}<ref>{{tok|janKipo}}. "[//forums.tokipona.org/viewtopic.php?p=9294&sid=9f93ae0f9a42d83f4309ded52c9b269e#p9294 Re: monsuta moli]". [[Toki Pona Forums]]. October 4, 2010.<blockquote>Does 'monsuta' as vt mean "be afraid of", as here, or "frighten"? The latter seems more reasonable somehow.</blockquote></ref><ref name="lipu kule">kala pona Tonyu. "[//lipukule.org/post/2021/01/29/monsutatesu monsutatesu]". {{tp|[[lipu kule]]}}, {{tp|tenpo mun nanpa wan}}, 2021.</ref>
|-
|-
|''[[mama]]''
|{{tp|[[mama]]}}
|to be a parent; to nurture ''E''
|to be a parent; to nurture <var>E</var>
|to make ''E'' a parent
|to make <var>E</var> a parent
|jan Likipi<ref>On the <code>toki uta</code> voice channel in ''[[ma pona pi toki pona]]'', then discussed in the <code>#sona-musi</code> text channel</ref><ref name="lipu kule" />
|{{tok|jan Likipi}}<ref>On the <code>toki uta</code> voice channel in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}}, then discussed in the <code>#sona-musi</code> text channel</ref><ref name="lipu kule" />
|-
|-
|''[[lawa]]''
|{{tp|[[lawa]]}}
|to be a head; to control ''E''
|to be a head; to control <var>E</var>
|to put in charge; to make ''E'' a head
|to put in charge; to make <var>E</var> a head
|rowspan="3"|A ''[[ma pona pi toki pona|mpptp]]'' member<ref name="lipu kule" />
|rowspan="3"|A [[ma pona pi toki pona|{{tp|mpptp}}]] member<ref name="lipu kule" />
|-
|-
|''[[kalama]]''
|{{tp|[[kalama]]}}
|to play; to make ''E'' make sound
|to play; to make <var>E</var> make sound
|to sound; to make the sound ''E''
|to sound; to make the sound <var>E</var>
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"|''[[moku]]''
|rowspan="2"|{{tp|[[moku]]}}
|rowspan="2"|to consume (''E'')
|rowspan="2"|to consume (<var>E</var>)
|to give fuel; to feed ''E''
|to give fuel; to feed <var>E</var>
|-
|-
|to be fuel<ref group="note" name="tv syn">Fails ''monsutatesu'' as a transitive verb</ref>
|to be fuel<ref group="lower-alpha" name="tv syn">Fails {{tp|monsutatesu}} as a transitive verb</ref>
|[[jan Misali]]<ref>[[jan Misali]]. "[//youtu.be/4L-dvvng4Zc?t=148 Day One: Reading and Whatnot]" (2:28&ndash;2:42), ''[[12 Days of sona pi toki pona]]''. YouTube. December 13, 2015.</ref>
|{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}}<ref>{{tok|[[jan Misali]]}}. "[//youtu.be/4L-dvvng4Zc?t=148 Day One: Reading and Whatnot]" (2:28&ndash;2:42), [[12 Days of sona pi toki pona|''12 Days of {{tok|sona pi toki pona}}'']]. YouTube. December 13, 2015.</ref>
|-
|-
|''[[musi]]''
|{{tp|[[musi]]}}
|to be fun; to entertain ''E''
|to be fun; to entertain <var>E</var>
|to have fun; to enjoy ''E''
|to have fun; to enjoy <var>E</var>
|[[jan Kekan San]]<ref>[[jan Kekan San]]. [//mun.la/lipu/monsutatesu-isnt-special Monsutatesu isn’t special (scrap)]. mun! (mun.la).</ref>
|{{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}<ref>{{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}. [//mun.la/lipu/monsutatesu-isnt-special Monsutatesu isn’t special (scrap)]. mun! (mun.la).</ref>
|}
|}
<references group="note" />
<references group="lower-alpha" />


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 05:49, 10 August 2023

monsutatesu is an analysis of Toki Pona. It posits that some content words are auto-antonyms when used as verbs. The word is a tokiponization of "monsuta test"; sina monsuta e mi can be interpreted as "you scare me" or "you fear me".

Causes

Some cases of monsutatesu are from using a word in a different part of speech, then adapting that meaning back into the original part of speech.

For example, pu defines moku as a verb meaning "to eat". When used as a noun, it is interpreted as something that is eaten: "food". If this noun sense is used as a verb, it means "to be food", with the inverse relation of its definition.
Compare mi moku e ona ("I eat it"), mi moku ona ("I am its food.").

Words analyzed under monsutatesu

In the following table, E stands for the direct object of a transitive verb. Senses without E are intransitive.

nimi Meaning Noted by
Subject as agent Subject as patient or other
monsuta to be scary; to scare E to be afraid; to fear E janKipo[1][2]
mama to be a parent; to nurture E to make E a parent jan Likipi[3][2]
lawa to be a head; to control E to put in charge; to make E a head A mpptp member[2]
kalama to play; to make E make sound to sound; to make the sound E
moku to consume (E) to give fuel; to feed E
to be fuel[a] jan Misali[4]
musi to be fun; to entertain E to have fun; to enjoy E jan Kekan San[5]
  1. ↑ Fails monsutatesu as a transitive verb

References

  1. ↑ janKipo. "Re: monsuta moli". Toki Pona Forums. October 4, 2010.

    Does 'monsuta' as vt mean "be afraid of", as here, or "frighten"? The latter seems more reasonable somehow.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 kala pona Tonyu. "monsutatesu". lipu kule, tenpo mun nanpa wan, 2021.
  3. ↑ On the toki uta voice channel in ma pona pi toki pona, then discussed in the #sona-musi text channel
  4. ↑ jan Misali. "Day One: Reading and Whatnot" (2:28–2:42), 12 Days of sona pi toki pona. YouTube. December 13, 2015.
  5. ↑ jan Kekan San. Monsutatesu isn’t special (scrap). mun! (mun.la).
Retrieved from "https://sona.pona.la/wiki/monsutatesu?oldid=2441"