pakala
pakala is a core content word relating to destruction.
Pronunciation | /ˈpa |
---|---|
Usage | 2023: Core (100% → )2022: Core (100%) |
Book and era | nimi pu |
Part of speech | Content word |
Codepoint | U+F1948 |
Etymology Edit
The word pakala is derived from Tok Pisin bagarap, meaning "broken", itself from English bugger up.[1]
Semantic space Edit
The semantic space of pakala includes destruction, either intentional, such as violence, or unintentional, such as accidents, mistakes, and errors.[2]
pakala li kama e sona sinpakala li kama e sona sin.
Mistakes bring forth new knowledge.
seme li pakala e ilo miseme li pakala e ilo mi?
Who broke my tool?
As an interjection, it is used to express anger, annoyance, irritation, or dissapointment, usually from an accident or mistake. It sometimes is translated into English as a curse expletive, such as fuck, damn, or shit. Note that pakala itself is not a curse word, as it is not culturally taboo.
pu Edit
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines pakala as:
ADJECTIVE botched, broken, damaged, harmed, messed up
ku Edit
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as pakala:[3]
broken5, trouble2 , rip2 , explode2 , crush2 , wound2 , violate2 , offense2 , strike2 , boom2 , crap2, destruction5 , mistake5 , damage5 , damn4 , goddamn4 , ruin4 , burst4 , accident4 , destroy4 , heck4 , error4 , hurt4 , injure4 , crash4 , fail4 , harm4 , break4 , failure3 , fault3 , injury3 , flaw3 , crack3 , collapse3 , snap3 , fuck3 , fucking3
sitelen pona Edit
The sitelen pona glyph for pakala () represents a broken object, possibly a cracked sheet of glass. It has a rectangular shape with a thunderbolt-shaped line drawn vertically through it.
sitelen sitelen Edit
References Edit
- ↑ Word Origins. Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Toki Pona.
- ↑ lipamanka. "toki pona dictionary". lipamanka.gay.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 306.
Further reading Edit
- "pakala" on lipu Linku
- "pakala" on lipu Wikipesija
- "pakala" on English Wiktionary