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Line 38: |
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==Grammar== |
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==Grammar== |
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Like in [[Toki Pona]], modifiers go after their heads. The sign for {{tp|[[pi]]}} can be replaced with a brief pause without signing, and the sign for {{tp|[[la]]}} can be replaced with a longer pause without signing. |
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Like in [[Toki Pona]], modifiers go after their heads. The sign for {{tp|[[pi]]}} can be replaced with a brief pause without signing<ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-wan-nimi_9.html</ref>, and the sign for {{tp|[[la]]}} can be replaced with a longer pause without signing.<ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-tu-la-ni.html</ref> |
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{{tp|luka pona}} has a subject–object–verb word order and does not use {{tp|[[li]]}} or {{tp|[[e]]}}. Instead, a simple sentence is ''subject'' NI-1 ''object'' NI-2 ''verb''. The NI signs point toward different sides, including for multiple subjects and objects. |
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{{tp|luka pona}} has a subject–object–verb word order and does not use {{tp|[[li]]}} or {{tp|[[e]]}}. Instead, a simple sentence is ''subject'' NI-1 ''object'' NI-2 ''verb''. The NI signs point toward different sides, including for multiple subjects and objects.<ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-tu-wan_9.html</ref> |
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A second subject can be clarified with the sign [[en|EN]]/[[kin|KIN]]/KAN, following the NI for the first subject. |
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A second subject can be clarified with the sign [[en|EN]]/[[kin|KIN]]/KAN, following the NI for the first subject. Multiple verbs are separated by a brief pause.<ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-luka_47.html</ref> |
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⚫ |
Toki Pona [[preposition]]s and [[preverb]]s are postpositions and postverbs in {{tp|luka pona}}. <ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-tu-tu.html</ref> |
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Multiple verbs are separated by a brief pause. |
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⚫ |
The sign for {{tp|[[o]]}} is also postpositive. When used for commands, it can be replaced by signing intensely. When used to address someone, {{tp|o}} can be replaced by wiggling the hand intensely before or after the name; or with the sign for {{tp|[[lukin]]}}, pointing at the speaker, after the name. <ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-o.html</ref> |
| ⚫ |
Toki Pona [[preposition]]s and [[preverb]]s are postpositions and postverbs in {{tp|luka pona}}. |
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{{tp|luka pona}} does not use the intensifier {{tp|[[a]]}}. Instead, the speaker uses two hands. <ref name=":0">https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-wan.html</ref> |
| ⚫ |
The sign for {{tp|[[o]]}} is also postpositive. When used for commands, it can be replaced by signing intensely. When used to address someone, {{tp|o}} can be replaced by wiggling the hand intensely before or after the name; or with the sign for {{tp|[[lukin]]}}, pointing at the speaker, after the name. |
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⚫ |
The sign for {{tp|[[ mute]]}} can be replaced by signing a word many times in a row. <ref name=":0" /> |
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{{tp|luka pona}} does not use the intensifier {{tp|[[a]]}}. Instead, the speaker uses two hands. |
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The sign for {{tp|[[mute]]}} can be replaced by signing a word many times in a row. |
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The sign for {{tp|[[ala]]}} can be replaced by shaking the head and frowning.<ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-tu.html</ref> |
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⚫ |
In [[question]]s, the sign for {{tp|[[seme]]}} always ends the sentence. Yes-or-no questions are asked with a confused expression or by tilting the head to the side. <ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-tu_9.html</ref> SEME is also used to link sentences instead of {{tp|ni:}}. <ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-tu_21.html</ref> |
| ⚫ |
The sign for {{tp|[[ ala]]}} can be replaced by shaking the head and frowning. |
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[[Time]] phrases are expressed with TENPO NI, with NI pointing in different directions. Pointing back represents {{tp|tenpo pini}}, pointing at one's feet represents {{tp|tenpo ni}}, and pointing forward represents {{tp|tenpo kama}}. <ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-luka.html</ref> |
| ⚫ |
In [[question]]s, the sign for {{tp|[[seme]]}} always ends the sentence. It can be replaced by a confused expression or by tilting the head to the side. SEME is also used to link sentences instead of {{tp|ni:}}. |
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[[Names]] are spelled with letter signs.<ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-luka_9.html</ref> |
| ⚫ |
[[Time]] phrases are expressed with TENPO NI, with NI pointing in different directions. Pointing back represents {{tp|tenpo pini}}, pointing at one's feet represents {{tp|tenpo ni}}, and pointing forward represents {{tp|tenpo kama}}. |
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[[Numbers]] can be expressed with the signs for Toki Pona number words, or by extending the corresponding number of fingers, optionally with the sign for {{tp|[[nanpa]]}} before. Another way of enumerating things is to touch the <var>n</var>th finger on the other hand. <ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-luka_8.html</ref> |
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[[Names]] are spelled with letter signs. |
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⚫ |
Signs such as LUKIN, UTALA, KAMA/TAWA, and PANA/LANPAN point from the direction that the corresponding action comes from. For example, in MI SINA LUKIN, the sign LUKIN points toward the referent of SINA, but in SINA MI LUKIN, it points toward the speaker. In ONA-1 ONA-2 LUKIN, it points toward the side of ONA-2. <ref>https://lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-nanpa-luka-luka_95.html</ref> |
| ⚫ |
[[Numbers]] can be expressed with the signs for Toki Pona number words, or by extending the corresponding number of fingers, optionally with the sign for {{tp|[[nanpa]]}} before. Another way of enumerating things is to touch the <var>n</var>th finger on the other hand. |
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Signs such as LUKIN, UTALA, KAMA/TAWA, and PANA/LANPAN point from the direction that the corresponding action comes from. For example, in MI SINA LUKIN, the sign LUKIN points toward the referent of SINA, but in SINA MI LUKIN, it points toward the speaker. In ONA-1 ONA-2 LUKIN, it points toward the side of ONA-2. |
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==Word list== |
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==Word list== |
This article
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luka pona, or LPSL (luka pona sign language), is a constructed sign language. It is a tokiponido created by jan Olipija. It is a real sign language, including classifiers and NMFsnon-manual features, unlike toki pona luka which is a relex of toki pona into signs.
The main community center for luka pona is the #luka-pona channel on the ma pona pi toki pona discord server.
Resources
Created by jan Olipja
Phonology and morphology
This article
needs work:
Show example minimal pairs
If you know about this topic, you can help us by
editing it. (
See all)
luka pona morphology is primarily defined by the combination of shape, placement, orientation, and motion.
Handshapes
-
wan (1): Index finger extended
-
tu (V): Index and middle fingers extended
-
tawa (L): Index finger and thumb extended
-
kiwen (OpenA): Fist with thumb extended
-
supa (FlatB): Fingers together
-
nena (BentB): Fingers together, bent at knuckles
-
sike (O): Tips of index (and middle) finger and thumb touching (other fingers together)
-
-
lili (9): Tips of index finger and thumb touching (other fingers spread)
Grammar
Like in Toki Pona, modifiers go after their heads. The sign for pi can be replaced with a brief pause without signing[1], and the sign for la can be replaced with a longer pause without signing.[2]
luka pona has a subject–object–verb word order and does not use li or e. Instead, a simple sentence is subject NI-1 object NI-2 verb. The NI signs point toward different sides, including for multiple subjects and objects.[3]
A second subject can be clarified with the sign EN/KIN/KAN, following the NI for the first subject. Multiple verbs are separated by a brief pause.[4]
Toki Pona prepositions and preverbs are postpositions and postverbs in luka pona.[5]
The sign for o is also postpositive. When used for commands, it can be replaced by signing intensely. When used to address someone, o can be replaced by wiggling the hand intensely before or after the name; or with the sign for lukin, pointing at the speaker, after the name.[6]
luka pona does not use the intensifier a. Instead, the speaker uses two hands.[7]
The sign for mute can be replaced by signing a word many times in a row.[7]
The sign for ala can be replaced by shaking the head and frowning.[8]
In questions, the sign for seme always ends the sentence. Yes-or-no questions are asked with a confused expression or by tilting the head to the side.[9] SEME is also used to link sentences instead of ni:.[10]
Time phrases are expressed with TENPO NI, with NI pointing in different directions. Pointing back represents tenpo pini, pointing at one's feet represents tenpo ni, and pointing forward represents tenpo kama.[11]
Names are spelled with letter signs.[12]
Numbers can be expressed with the signs for Toki Pona number words, or by extending the corresponding number of fingers, optionally with the sign for nanpa before. Another way of enumerating things is to touch the nth finger on the other hand.[13]
Signs such as LUKIN, UTALA, KAMA/TAWA, and PANA/LANPAN point from the direction that the corresponding action comes from. For example, in MI SINA LUKIN, the sign LUKIN points toward the referent of SINA, but in SINA MI LUKIN, it points toward the speaker. In ONA-1 ONA-2 LUKIN, it points toward the side of ONA-2.[14]
Word list
| word
|
handshape
|
details
|
SignWriting
|
| ala
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon nena (pi poka sijelo)shoulder
|
|
| alasa
|
wan (1)
|
tawa wekaaway from self
|
|
| ale/ali
|
telo (5)
|
sike sewivertical circle
|
|
| anpa
|
tawa (L)
|
palisa luka li lon anpapointing down
|
|
| nena (BentB)
|
tawa anpadownward movement
|
| ante
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
o ante e sinpin luka lon sewiflip up
|
|
| wan (1)
|
| anu
|
tawa (L)
|
o ante e sinpin tawa sewiflip up
|
|
| awen
|
nena (BentB)
|
tawa jantowards self
|
|
| nena (lon poka sijelo)shoulder
|
| akesi
|
tu (V)
|
palisa luka li lon wekafingers pointing sideways
lon utaon mouth
|
|
| esun
|
nena (BentB)
|
sike supaverticle circle
sinpin luka li lon sewipalm up
|
|
| en/kin/kan
|
tawa (L)
|
o ante e sinpin tawa anpaflip down
|
|
| ijo
|
wan (1)
|
lon luka (ante)other hand
|
|
| ilo
|
tawa (L)
|
lon luka (ante)other hand
|
|
| isipin/lukin
|
wan (1)
|
lon okoeyes
|
|
| insa
|
tawa (L)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
|
|
| ike
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
sinpin luka li lon janpalm away from self
|
|
| jelo
|
lili (9)
|
lon lawa (poka)beside head
|
|
| jo
|
nena (BentB)
|
sinpin luka li lon sewipalm up
|
|
| jaki
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
lon okoeyes
sinpin luka li lon janpalm away from self
|
|
| jan
|
wan (1)
|
tawa anpadownward movement
palisa luka li lon sewi.fingers up
|
|
| tawa (L)
|
tawa anpadownward movement
sinpin luka li lon anpa.palm down
|
| jasima
|
|
|
|
| kalama
|
telo (5)
|
lon utaon mouth
sinpin luka li lon anpa.palm down
|
|
lon poka lawabeside head
sinpin luka li lon anpa.palm down
|
| kama/tawa
|
tawa (L)
|
tawa wekamovement away
tawa pokasideways
tawa jantowards self
|
|
| ken
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
tawa anpadownward
|
|
| kepeken
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
sike sewivertical circle
|
|
| kili
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| kiwen
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
sinpin luka li lon anpapalm down
|
|
| kipisi
|
tu (V)
|
tawa lili anpaflick down
|
|
| kijetesantakalu
|
tu (V)
|
lon okoeyes
sinpin luka li lon wekapalm away from self
|
|
| kon
|
telo (5)
|
tawa mutewiggle/fan
|
|
| ku
|
|
|
|
| kule
|
lili (9)
|
sike sewivertical circle
|
|
| kulupu
|
wan (1)
|
sike supahorizontal circle
|
|
| telo (5)
|
sike supahorizontal circle
palisa luka li lon sewipointing up
|
| kute
|
wan (1)
|
lon lawa (poka)head
|
|
| kala
|
supa (FlatB)
|
tawa muteshake
|
|
| ko
|
nena (BentB)
|
sike sewiverticle circle
|
|
| la
|
tawa (L)
|
tawa lili sewiflick up
|
|
| lawa
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
lon lawa (poka)head
|
|
| lape
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon lawa (poka)head
|
|
| laso
|
lili (9)
|
lon luka (ante)hand (other)
|
|
| len
|
nena (BentB)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
|
|
| lete
|
telo (5)
|
lon luka (ante)hand (other)
|
|
| lili
|
supa (FlatB)
|
tawa anpadownwards motion
|
|
| tu (V)
|
tawa anpadownwards motion
|
| lili (9)
|
sinpin luka li lon wekasinpin luka li lon weka
|
| lipu
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon luka anteon other hand
|
|
| loje
|
lili (9)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| luka
|
telo (5)
|
sinpin luka tawa wekapalm away from self
|
|
| lukin/oko
|
tu (V)
|
sike sewivertical circle
lon okoeyes
palisa luka li lon wekapointing away from self
palisa luka tawa wekafingers away from self
palisa luka li lon wekapointing away from self
palisa luka li lon janpointing away from self
|
|
| linja
|
lili (9)
|
tawa pokasidways
|
|
| lon
|
wan (1)
|
tawa lili anpaflick down
|
|
| tawa (L)
|
| lupa
|
sike (O)
|
sinpin luka li lon anpapalm down
|
|
| ma
|
supa (FlatB)
|
sike supahorizontal circle
sinpin luka li lon anpapalm down
|
|
| mama
|
tu (V)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
sinpin luka li lon sewipalm up
|
|
| mi
|
wan (1)
|
palisa luka li lon janpointing towards self
|
|
| moku
|
sike (O)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| monsuta
|
telo (5)
|
tawa jantowards self
|
|
| mani
|
wan (1)
|
lon okoeyes
palisa luka li lon sewipointing up
|
|
| monsi
|
supa (FlatB)
|
sinpin luka li lon janpalm towards self
|
|
| moli
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon utamouth
tawa pokasideways motion
|
|
| meli
|
tawa (L)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| mije
|
tawa (L)
|
lon okoeyes
|
|
| mu
|
nena (BentB)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| telo (5)
|
lon poka lawabeside head
sinpin luka li lon anpa.palm down
|
| musi
|
telo (5)
|
sinpin luka li lon pokapalm to the side
tawa sewiupward motion
|
|
| mute
|
telo (5)
|
tawa pokasidways
|
|
| mun
|
sike (O)
|
lon lawa (poka)head (beside)
|
|
| namako/sin
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon luka (ante)hand (other)
tawa sewiupward motion
palisa luka li lon sewifingers pointing upward
|
|
| ni
|
wan (1)
|
palisa luka li lon anpapalm down
|
|
| nanpa
|
telo (5)
|
lon okoeyes
|
|
| nasa
|
wan (1)
|
sike sewiverticle circle
|
|
| nasin
|
supa (FlatB)
|
tawa wekaaway from self
|
|
| nena
|
nena (BentB)
|
sinpin li lon anpapalm down
|
|
| nimi
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon okoeyes
|
|
| noka
|
tu (V)
|
palisa luka li lon anpapalm down
|
|
| olin
|
telo (5)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
|
|
| ona
|
wan (1)
|
palisa luka li lon pokapalm sideways
|
|
| open
|
supa (FlatB)
|
ante sinpin tawa sewiflip up
|
|
| o
|
supa (FlatB)
|
tawa lili tawa anpaflick down
|
|
| pakala
|
telo (5)
|
sinpin li ante tawa sewisinpin li ante tawa sewi
|
|
| pali
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
lon luka anteother hand
tawa mutefan/wiggle/shake
|
|
| palisa
|
sike (O)
|
tawa pokamovement sideways
|
|
| pan
|
telo (5)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| pana/lanpan
|
nena (BentB)
|
tawa wekaaway from self
sinpin luka li lon sewisinpin luka li lon sewi
tawa jantowards self
tawa pokasideways
|
|
| pimeja
|
lili (9)
|
lon nena (lon poka sijelo)shoulder
|
|
| pini
|
supa (FlatB)
|
ante sinpin tawa anpaflip down
|
|
| pilin
|
lili (9)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
|
|
| pi
|
lili (9)
|
tawa lili tawa sewiflick up
|
|
| poka
|
tawa (L)
|
palisa luka li lon pokafingers point sideways
|
|
| poki
|
sike (O)
|
sinpin luka li lon pokafingers point sideways
|
|
| pipi
|
lili (9)
|
tawa mutewiggle/shake
|
|
| pona
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
sinpin luka li lon janpalm towards self
|
|
| pu
|
|
|
|
| sama
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
o ante e sinpin luka tawa anpaflip down
|
|
| wan (1)
|
| seli
|
telo (5)
|
lon nena (pi poka sijelo)shoulder
|
|
| seme
|
supa (FlatB)
|
sinpin luka li lon sewisinpin luka li lon sewi
|
|
| wan (1)
|
tawa muteshake/wiggle/fan
|
| sewi
|
tawa (L)
|
palisa luka li lon sewipointing up
|
|
| nena (BentB)
|
tawa sewimovement up
|
| selo
|
sike (O)
|
lon luka (ante)other hand
|
|
| sijelo
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
tawa anpadownward
|
|
| sike
|
sike (O)
|
sike sewiverticle circle
|
|
| sin
|
supa (FlatB)
|
lon luka (ante)other hand
tawa sewimovement up
|
|
| sina
|
wan (1)
|
palisa luka li lon wekapalm away from self
|
|
| sinpin
|
supa (FlatB)
|
sinpin luka li lon anpapalm down
|
|
| sitelen
|
lili (9)
|
sike supahorizontal circle
|
|
| soko
|
|
|
|
| sona
|
nena (BentB)
|
lon lawa (poka)head (beside)
|
|
| sona/isipin
|
wan (1)
|
lon lawa (poka)head (beside)
palisa luka li lon sewipointing up
|
|
| soweli
|
tu (V)
|
palisa luka li lon sewipointing up
tawa anpadownward
|
|
| suli
|
supa (FlatB)
|
tawa anpamovement downward
|
|
| tu (V)
|
| suno
|
telo (5)
|
lon lawa (poka)head (beside)
|
|
| supa
|
supa (FlatB)
|
tawa pokamovement sideways
sinpin luka li lon anpapalm downward
|
|
| suwi
|
tu (V)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| tan
|
telo (5)
|
ante sinpin tawa anpaflip down
|
|
| taso
|
wan (1)
|
tawa lili sewiflick up
|
|
| tawa/kama
|
tawa (L)
|
tawa wekamovement away
tawa pokasideways
tawa jantowards self
|
|
| telo
|
telo (5)
|
tawa wekamovement away
|
|
| tenpo
|
tu (V)
|
lon luka (ante)other hand
|
|
| toki
|
supa (FlatB)
|
sike sewiverticle circle
|
|
| tomo
|
nena (BentB)
|
tawa pokasideways
|
|
| tonsi
|
tawa (L)
|
lon lawa (poka)beside head
|
|
| tu
|
tu (V)
|
sinpin luka li lon janpalm towards self
|
|
| unpa
|
tu (V)
|
luka li tawa sewi tawa anpa lon tenpo tu
ona li sama nimi U-N-U-N
|
|
| uta
|
wan (1)
|
lon utamouth
|
|
| utala
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
tawa wekamovement away
tawa jantowards self
tawa pokasideways
|
|
| walo
|
lili (9)
|
lon okoeyes
|
|
| wan
|
wan (1)
|
sinpin luka li lon janpalm towards self
|
|
| waso
|
telo (5)
|
tawa lili anpaflick down
|
|
| wawa
|
kiwen (OpenA)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
|
|
| weka
|
supa (FlatB)
|
tawa lili sewiflick up
|
|
| wile
|
sike (O)
|
lon sijelochest/stomach
|
|
| telo (5)
|
tawa jantowards self
sinpin luka li lon sewipalm up
|
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,_o_(one-handed_fingerspelling),_lupa.svg){kind=small}
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,_l_(one-handed_fingerspelling),_sewi.svg){kind=small}
,_p_(one-handed_fingerspelling),_sinpin.svg){kind=small}
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