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The main community center for {{tp|luka pona}} is the <code>#luka-pona</code> channel on the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server.
The main community center for {{tp|luka pona}} is the <code>#luka-pona</code> channel on the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server.

⚫
==Resources==

⚫
===Created by {{tok|jan Olipja}}===
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* [//youtu.be/rE_crkyRPhQ Video Dictionary]
⚫
* [//lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/luka-pona-li-seme.html {{tp|luka pona li seme?}} (intro blog post)]
⚫
* [//lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-open.html Grammar documentation]
⚫
** [//docs.google.com/document/d/1oTIj2gUFYNEimEs45QiunbtNVMgceEZq76C46SQbMaw Grammar documentation in Google Docs]
⚫
** [//docs.google.com/document/d/1GzcIa57Pz5sPnHWLcRm1UnC2W1WqYqtBPStkDy1DZZ0 Grammar documentation (literal English translation)]
⚫
* [//docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12uXTZvxWr8Q1G-KQOtqZlqilbg1tgUKqEB4luo1VB4E Dictionary spreadsheet]
⚫
* Fingerspelling: [//media.discordapp.net/attachments/787017418807574539/790647078585761822/unknown.png one-handed], [//media.discordapp.net/attachments/787017418807574539/787022126975549520/luka_sitelen_pi_luka_tu_pi_luka_pona.png two-handed]
* [//media.discordapp.net/attachments/787017418807574539/787108412293906442/luka_pi_luka_pona.png Handshapes]

⚫
===Compiled by the community===
⚫
* [//app.memrise.com/course/6123475/o-kama-sona-e-luka-pona/ Memrise]
⚫
* Anki — [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/787017445285036052/885663170205712394 Discord]; [//mega.nz/folder/QW1XHQ4D#0mXk2-CEP_fKp8V8yCgGBg Mega]
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* [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/787017445285036052/838159550266867732 Latest fingerspelling]
⚫
* [//antetokipona.infinityfreeapp.com/lukapona/ Online searchable dictionary]


==Phonology and morphology==
==Phonology and morphology==
Line 1,246: Line 1,228:
<references/>
<references/>


==External links==

⚫
===Resources===

⚫
====Created by {{tok|jan Olipja}}====
⚫
* [//youtu.be/rE_crkyRPhQ Video dictionary]
⚫
* [//lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/luka-pona-li-seme.html {{tp|luka pona li seme?}}] (intro blog post)
⚫
* [//lukapona.blogspot.com/2021/04/nasin-toki-pi-luka-pona-open.html Grammar documentation] (in Toki Pona; blog)
⚫
** [//docs.google.com/document/d/1oTIj2gUFYNEimEs45QiunbtNVMgceEZq76C46SQbMaw Grammar documentation] (Google Docs)
⚫
** [//docs.google.com/document/d/1GzcIa57Pz5sPnHWLcRm1UnC2W1WqYqtBPStkDy1DZZ0 Grammar documentation] (Google Docs; literal English translation)
⚫
* [//docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12uXTZvxWr8Q1G-KQOtqZlqilbg1tgUKqEB4luo1VB4E Dictionary spreadsheet]
* Fingerspelling:
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20231021100248/https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/787017418807574539/790647078585761822/unknown.png One-handed fingerspelling]
⚫
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20231021100328/https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/787017418807574539/787022126975549520/luka_sitelen_pi_luka_tu_pi_luka_pona.png Two-handed fingerspelling]

⚫
===Compiled by the community===
⚫
* [//app.memrise.com/course/6123475/o-kama-sona-e-luka-pona/ Memrise]
⚫
* Anki: [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/787017445285036052/885663170205712394 Discord]; [//mega.nz/folder/QW1XHQ4D#0mXk2-CEP_fKp8V8yCgGBg Mega]
⚫
* [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/787017445285036052/838159550266867732 Latest fingerspelling]
⚫
* [//antetokipona.infinityfreeapp.com/lukapona/ Online searchable dictionary]
{{General}}
{{General}}


Revision as of 10:11, 21 October 2023

Under construction This article needs work:

Should describe the language like the articles for writing systems. Check for accuracy and completeness

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luka pona, also known as LPSL (luka pona sign language), is a constructed sign language. It is a tokiponido created by jan Olipija. It is a real sign language, including classifiers and nonmanual features (NMFs), unlike toki pona luka which is a relex of toki pona into signs.

The main community center for luka pona is the #luka-pona channel on the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server.

Phonology and morphology

Under construction This article needs work:

Show example minimal pairs

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luka pona morphology is primarily defined by the combination of handshape, placement, orientation, and motion.

Handshapes

  • wan (1): Index finger extended

    wan (1): Index finger extended

  • tu (V): Index and middle fingers extended

    tu (V): Index and middle fingers extended

  • tawa (L): Index finger and thumb extended

    tawa (L): Index finger and thumb extended

  • kiwen (OpenA): Fist with thumb extended

    kiwen (OpenA): Fist with thumb extended

  • supa (FlatB): Fingers together

    supa (FlatB): Fingers together

  • nena (BentB): Fingers together, bent at knuckles

    nena (BentB): Fingers together, bent at knuckles

  • sike (O): Tips of index (and middle) finger and thumb touching (other fingers together)

    sike (O): Tips of index (and middle) finger and thumb touching (other fingers together)

  • telo (5): Fingers spread

    telo (5): Fingers spread

  • lili (9): Tips of index finger and thumb touching (other fingers spread)

    lili (9): Tips of index finger and thumb touching (other fingers spread)

Grammar

Modifiers

Similar to toki pona, modifiers follow the word they are modifying.[1]

Particles

The sign PI can be replaced with a brief pause without signing, and the sign for LA can be replaced with a longer pause without signing.[2]

Directional signs

Signs such as LUKIN, UTALA, KAMA/TAWA, and PANA/LANPAN point from the direction that the corresponding action comes from.[3] For example, MI SINA LUKIN(tawa sina), the sign LUKIN points toward the referent of SINA, but in SINA MI LUKIN(tawa mi), it points toward the speaker. In ONA-1 ONA-2 LUKIN, it points toward the side of ONA-2.

Postpositions

Unlike Toki Pona, which has prepositions and preverbs, luka pona instead uses postpositions and postverbs.[4]

The sign O is also postpositive. When used for commands, it can be replaced by signing intensely. When used to address someone, O can be replaced by wiggling the hand intensely before or after the name; or with the sign LUKIN-E, pointing at the speaker, after the name.[5]

Negation

Negation can be either expressed using the sign ALA or be signaled by shaking the head, lowering the eyebrows, and frowning.[6]

Syntax

luka pona has a subject–object–verb (SOV) word order and lacks the words li or e. The basic word order is structured as subject NI-1 object NI-2 verb. The NI signs point toward different sides, including for multiple subjects and objects.[7]

A second subject can be clarified with the sign EN/KIN/KAN, following the NI for the first subject. Multiple verbs are separated by a brief pause.[8]

Interrogative clauses

In interrogative clauses, the sign SEME always ends the sentence. Yes-or-no questions are formed with a confused expression or by tilting the head to the side.[9] SEME is also used to link sentences instead of ni.[10]

Vocabulary

Fingerspelling

luka pona manual alphabet consists of 14 signs, which can be either one-handed or two-handed, used to spell out names and words from toki pona.[11]

Lexicalization

Not be confused with lexicalization in Toki Pona.

Lexicalization in sign languages refers to the borrowing of fingerspelled signs. For example, the signs for ku, jasima, pu, soko, unpa and eliki[12] lack equivalent signs, but instead, are lexicalized, fingerspelled signs.

Time

Time phrases are expressed with phrase TENPO NI, with the sign NI pointing in different directions.[13] Pointing back represents tenpo pini, pointing at one's feet represents tenpo ni, and pointing forward represents tenpo kama.

Numbers

Numbers can be expressed with the signs for Toki Pona number words, or by extending the corresponding number of fingers, optionally with the sign for nanpa before. Another way of enumerating things is to touch the nth finger on the other hand.[14]

Intensifiers

luka pona does not use the intensifier a. Instead, the speaker uses two hands.[15] The sign MUTE can be replaced by signing a word many times in a row.

Word list

Under construction This article needs work:

Un-rowspan SignWriting diagrams that are associated with specific descriptions; separate Toki Pona descriptions into a new column to the right of English descriptions

If you know about this topic, you can help us by editing it. (See all)
Word Handshape Orientation, placement, movement, details SignWriting
ala supa (FlatB) shoulder (lon nena (pi poka sijelo))
alasa wan (1) away from self (tawa weka)
ale/ali telo (5) vertical circle (sike sewi)
anpa tawa (L) pointing down (palisa luka li lon anpa)
nena (BentB) downward movement (tawa anpa)
ante kiwen (OpenA) flip up (o ante e sinpin luka lon sewi)
wan (1)
anu tawa (L) flip up (o ante e sinpin tawa sewi)
awen nena (BentB) towards self (tawa jan)
shoulder (nena (lon poka sijelo))
akesi tu (V) fingers pointing sideways (palisa luka li lon weka)
on mouth (lon uta)
esun nena (BentB) vertical circle (sike supa)
palm up (sinpin luka li lon sewi)
en/kin/kan tawa (L) flip down (o ante e sinpin tawa anpa)
ijo wan (1) other hand (lon luka (ante))
ilo tawa (L) other hand (lon luka (ante))
isipin/lukin wan (1) eyes (lon oko)
insa tawa (L) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
ike kiwen (OpenA) palm away from self (sinpin luka li lon jan)
jelo lili (9) beside head (lon lawa (poka))
jo nena (BentB) palm up (sinpin luka li lon sewi)
jaki kiwen (OpenA) eyes (lon oko)
palm away from self (sinpin luka li lon jan)
jan wan (1) downward movement (tawa anpa)
fingers up (palisa luka li lon sewi)
tawa (L) downward movement (tawa anpa)
palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)


jasima
kalama telo (5) on mouth (lon uta)
palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
beside head (lon poka lawa)
palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
kama/tawa tawa (L) movement away (tawa weka)
sideways (tawa poka)
towards self (tawa jan)
ken kiwen (OpenA) downward (tawa anpa)
kepeken kiwen (OpenA) vertical circle (sike sewi)
kili kiwen (OpenA) mouth (lon uta)
kiwen kiwen (OpenA) palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
kipisi tu (V) flick down (tawa lili anpa)
kijetesantakalu tu (V) eyes (lon oko)
palm away from self (sinpin luka li lon weka)
kon telo (5) wiggle/fan (tawa mute)
ku
kule lili (9) vertical circle (sike sewi)
kulupu wan (1) horizontal circle (sike supa)
telo (5) horizontal circle (sike supa)
pointing up (palisa luka li lon sewi)
kute wan (1) head (lon lawa (poka))
kala supa (FlatB) shake (tawa mute)
ko nena (BentB) vertical circle (sike sewi)
la tawa (L) flick up (tawa lili sewi)
lawa kiwen (OpenA) head (lon lawa (poka))
lape supa (FlatB) head (lon lawa (poka))
laso lili (9) hand (other) (lon luka (ante))
len nena (BentB) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
lete telo (5) hand (other) (lon luka (ante))
lili supa (FlatB) downwards motion (tawa anpa)
tu (V) downwards motion (tawa anpa)
lili (9) sinpin luka li lon weka (sinpin luka li lon weka)
lipu supa (FlatB) on other hand (lon luka ante)
loje lili (9) mouth (lon uta)
luka telo (5) palm away from self (sinpin luka tawa weka)
lukin/oko tu (V) vertical circle (sike sewi)
eyes (lon oko)
pointing away from self (palisa luka li lon weka)
fingers away from self (palisa luka tawa weka)
pointing away from self (palisa luka li lon weka)
pointing away from self (palisa luka li lon jan)
linja lili (9) sideways (tawa poka)
lon wan (1) flick down (tawa lili anpa)
tawa (L)
lupa sike (O) palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
ma supa (FlatB) horizontal circle (sike supa)
palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
mama tu (V) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
palm up (sinpin luka li lon sewi)
mi wan (1) pointing towards self (palisa luka li lon jan)
moku sike (O) mouth (lon uta)
monsuta telo (5) towards self (tawa jan)
mani wan (1) eyes (lon oko)
pointing up (palisa luka li lon sewi)
monsi supa (FlatB) palm towards self (sinpin luka li lon jan)
moli supa (FlatB) mouth (lon uta)
sideways motion (tawa poka)
meli tawa (L) mouth (lon uta)
mije tawa (L) eyes (lon oko)
mu nena (BentB) mouth (lon uta)
telo (5) beside head (lon poka lawa)
palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
musi telo (5) palm to the side (sinpin luka li lon poka)
upward motion (tawa sewi)
mute telo (5) sideways (tawa poka)
mun sike (O) head (beside) (lon lawa (poka))
namako/sin supa (FlatB) hand (other) (lon luka (ante))
upward motion (tawa sewi)
fingers pointing upward (palisa luka li lon sewi)
ni wan (1) palm down (palisa luka li lon anpa)
nanpa telo (5) eyes (lon oko)
nasa wan (1) vertical circle (sike sewi)
nasin supa (FlatB) away from self (tawa weka)
nena nena (BentB) palm down (sinpin li lon anpa)
nimi supa (FlatB) eyes (lon oko)
noka tu (V) palm down (palisa luka li lon anpa)
olin telo (5) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
ona wan (1) palm sideways (palisa luka li lon poka)
open supa (FlatB) flip up (ante sinpin tawa sewi)
o supa (FlatB) flick down (tawa lili tawa anpa)
pakala telo (5) sinpin li ante tawa sewi (sinpin li ante tawa sewi)
pali kiwen (OpenA) other hand (lon luka ante)
fan/wiggle/shake (tawa mute)
palisa sike (O) movement sideways (tawa poka)
pan telo (5) mouth (lon uta)
pana/lanpan nena (BentB) away from self (tawa weka)
sinpin luka li lon sewi (sinpin luka li lon sewi)
towards self (tawa jan)
sideways (tawa poka)
pimeja lili (9) shoulder (lon nena (lon poka sijelo))
pini supa (FlatB) flip down (ante sinpin tawa anpa)
pilin lili (9) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
pi lili (9) flick up (tawa lili tawa sewi)
poka tawa (L) fingers point sideways (palisa luka li lon poka)
poki sike (O) fingers point sideways (sinpin luka li lon poka)
pipi lili (9) wiggle/shake (tawa mute)
pona kiwen (OpenA) palm towards self (sinpin luka li lon jan)
pu
sama kiwen (OpenA) o flip down (ante e sinpin luka tawa anpa)
wan (1)
seli telo (5) shoulder (lon nena (pi poka sijelo))
seme supa (FlatB) sinpin luka li lon sewi (sinpin luka li lon sewi)
wan (1) shake/wiggle/fan (tawa mute)
sewi tawa (L) pointing up (palisa luka li lon sewi)
nena (BentB) movement up (tawa sewi)
selo sike (O) other hand (lon luka (ante))
sijelo supa (FlatB) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
downward (tawa anpa)
sike sike (O) vertical circle (sike sewi)
sin supa (FlatB) other hand (lon luka (ante))
movement up (tawa sewi)
sina wan (1) palm away from self (palisa luka li lon weka)
sinpin supa (FlatB) palm down (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
sitelen lili (9) horizontal circle (sike supa)
soko
sona nena (BentB) head (beside) (lon lawa (poka))
sona/isipin wan (1) head (beside) (lon lawa (poka))
pointing up (palisa luka li lon sewi)
soweli tu (V) pointing up (palisa luka li lon sewi)
downward (tawa anpa)
suli supa (FlatB) movement downward (tawa anpa)
tu (V)
suno telo (5) head (beside) (lon lawa (poka))
supa supa (FlatB) movement sideways (tawa poka)
palm downward (sinpin luka li lon anpa)
suwi tu (V) mouth (lon uta)
tan telo (5) flip down (ante sinpin tawa anpa)
taso wan (1) flick up (tawa lili sewi)
tawa/kama tawa (L) movement away (tawa weka)
sideways (tawa poka)
towards self (tawa jan)
telo telo (5) movement away (tawa weka)
tenpo tu (V) other hand (lon luka (ante))
toki supa (FlatB) vertical circle (sike sewi)
tomo nena (BentB) sideways (tawa poka)
tonsi tawa (L) beside head (lon lawa (poka))
tu tu (V) palm towards self (sinpin luka li lon jan)
unpa tu (V) luka li tawa sewi tawa anpa lon tenpo tu

ona li sama nimi U-N-U-N

uta wan (1) mouth (lon uta)
utala kiwen (OpenA) movement away (tawa weka)
towards self (tawa jan)
sideways (tawa poka)
walo lili (9) eyes (lon oko)
wan wan (1) palm towards self (sinpin luka li lon jan)
waso telo (5) flick down (tawa lili anpa)
wawa kiwen (OpenA) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
weka supa (FlatB) flick up (tawa lili sewi)
wile sike (O) chest/stomach (lon sijelo)
telo (5) towards self (tawa jan)
palm up (sinpin luka li lon sewi)

References

  1. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa wan - nimi kule en pi (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  2. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa tu - la (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  3. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka luka luka - nimi pali tawa (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  4. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa tu tu - nimi poka en nimi poka pali (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  5. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka - o (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  6. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka tu - ala (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  7. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa tu wan - nimi ijo en nimi pali (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  8. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka luka tu - nimi ijo mute en nimi pali mute (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  9. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka tu wan - toki pi wile sona. Blogspot.
  10. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka tu tu - nimi luka ‘SEME’ (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  11. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka luka wan - nimi nimi (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  12. ↑ jan Tepo (@tbodt) (7 October 2023). Message posted in the thread "eliki li seme tawa sina?" on the #toki-suli channel in the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server. Discord.
  13. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka luka - tenpo (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  14. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka luka tu tu - nanpa (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.
  15. ↑ jan Olipija. (9 April 2018). nasin toki pi luka pona: nanpa luka wan - a en mute (in Toki Pona). Blogspot.

External links

Resources

Created by jan Olipja

Compiled by the community

Development and usage jan Sonja · Toki Pona: The Language of Good (2014) · Tokiponidos · Software (Tools · Fonts) · suno pi toki pona · Toki Pona census · Toki Pona Dictionary (2021) · UCSUR · Linku · ISO 639-3
Conventions Phonology (Phonotactics) · Words (Tokiponization) · Grammar (Word order) · Social conventions · Writing systems (sitelen Lasina · sitelen pona · sitelen sitelen) · luka pona (sign language) · Number systems · Calendar systems · Styles (pu · pu-rism · ku · Nonstandard)
Philosophy Minimalism · Context · Circumlocution · Expression · Lexicalization · Multiple sentences · Comparisons
Resources Frequently asked questions · Courses · Dictionaries · Cheat sheets · Visual aids · Communities · Websites · Media
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