anpa
  | |
| Pronunciation | /ˈan.pa/, [ˈam.pa] (listen) |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (99% → ) 2022: Core (99%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Codepoint | U+F1905 |
anpa is a core content word, used as a spatial word, relating to something physically lowered, and figuratively, to the lowering of one's standing.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The word anpa is derived from Acadian French en bas, meaning "below".[1]
Semantic space[edit | edit source]
The semantic space of anpa, when used as a spatial word, includes downwards and things physically lowered, as well as the space below or beneath something. When used figuratively, it includes lowering oneself, as in bowing or praying, or lowering someone else and holding dominance over them.
sina en mi li anpa tawa sewi
sina en mi li anpa tawa sewi.You and I are lowly from the perspective of God.[2]
We bow towards God.
It is sometimes used to refer to south as downwards is the conventional direction as shown in most maps. However, seli is more commonly used, as anpa may be confused for lower elevation.
pu[edit | edit source]
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines anpa as:
ADJECTIVE bowing down, downward, humble, lowly, dependent
ku[edit | edit source]
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as anpa:[3]
down5, bottom4, lower4, defeat3, below3, beneath3, under2, bow2, underlying2
Difference from noka[edit | edit source]
When used in prepositional phrases, anpa and noka may have synonymous or distinct meanings, depending on the speaker. The phrase lon anpa is more common for "at the bottom (of)".
sitelen pona[edit | edit source]
The sitelen pona glyph for anpa is derived from the box radical (compare the glyph for poki) with a location dot placed beneath it.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Word Origins. Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Toki Pona.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja (2014). Toki Pona: The Language of Good. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292300. OCLC 921253340.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja (2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 201.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- "anpa" on lipu Linku
- "anpa" on lipu Wikipesija
- "anpa" on English Wiktionary