Synonyms: Difference between revisions
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|{{tp|[[a]]}} |
|{{tp|[[a]]}} |
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|'' |
|''emotion particle'', ''emphasis marker'' |
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|{{tp|[[namako]]}} |
|{{tp|[[namako]]}} |
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Those words have been in use before and since the publication of {{tp|pu}}, but with different meanings from their supposed relatives. Calling them "synonyms" was a deliberate attempt to merge them.<ref>Messages from {{tok|[[jan Sonja]]}} in {{tok|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}}: [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/301378960468738050/814051883823529994 {{tp|kin}}], [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/301378960468738050/817348200818016256 {{tp|namako}}], [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/301378960468738050/824353817285230612 {{tp|oko}}].</ref> {{tp|[[ku]]}} acknowledges that the words have retained their separate meanings among those who use them. |
Those words have been in use before and since the publication of {{tp|pu}}, but with different meanings from their supposed relatives. Calling them "synonyms" was a deliberate attempt to merge them.<ref>Messages from {{tok|[[jan Sonja]]}} in {{tok|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}}: [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/301378960468738050/814051883823529994 {{tp|kin}}], [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/301378960468738050/817348200818016256 {{tp|namako}}], [//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/301378960468738050/824353817285230612 {{tp|oko}}].</ref> {{tp|[[ku]]}} acknowledges that the words have retained their separate meanings among those who use them. |
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The merger of these words was mostly successful with {{tp|lukin/oko}}, and mostly unsuccessful with {{tp|sin/namako}} and {{tp|a/kin}}. However, {{tp|kin}}'s original role as an emphasis marker moved completely to {{tp|a}}, which was previously only a sentence-final particle to indicate emotion.<ref>The 2007 definitions in [https://web.archive.org/web/20190716152334/http://tokipona.net/tp/ClassicWordList.aspx Classic Word List] define {{tp|a}} as an "emotion word" and {{tp|kin}} as a word that "emphasizes the word(s) before it".</ref> Here is an overview of how meanings changed over time: |
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{|class="wikitable" |
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!Word |
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!Pre-{{tp|pu}} usage |
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!Usage in {{tp|pu}} |
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!Post-{{tp|pu}} usage |
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|- |
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|{{tp|[[a]]}} |
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|''emotion particle'' |
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| rowspan=2 | ''emotion particle'', '''''emphasis marker''''' |
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| ''emotion particle'', '''''emphasis marker''''' |
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|- |
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|{{tp|[[kin]]}} |
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|also, (uncommon: '''''emphasis marker''''') |
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|also |
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|{{tp|[[sin]]}} |
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|new, another, more |
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| rowspan=2 | new, another, more, '''extra''', '''additional''' |
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|new, another, more |
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|- |
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|{{tp|[[namako]]}} |
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|spice, embellishment, extra, additional |
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|spice, embellishment, extra, additional |
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|- |
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|{{tp|[[lukin]]}} |
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|see, look, visual |
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| rowspan=2 | see, look, visual, '''eye''', try |
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| see, look, visual, '''eye''', try |
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|- |
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|{{tp|[[oko]]}} |
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|'''eye''' |
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|eye, (uncommon: see, look) |
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|} |
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==={{tp|ali}}=== |
==={{tp|ali}}=== |
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Revision as of 00:25, 14 August 2023
Synonyms are words with the same meaning. They are the opposite of antonyms.
pu "synonyms"
pu lists the following 3 words as "synonyms", not counted among the 120 nimi pu:
| Word | Definition in practice | "Synonym" | Merged definition |
|---|---|---|---|
| kin | also | a | emotion particle, emphasis marker |
| namako | spice, extra | sin | new, extra |
| oko | eye | lukin | see, eye, (pre-verb) try |
Those words have been in use before and since the publication of pu, but with different meanings from their supposed relatives. Calling them "synonyms" was a deliberate attempt to merge them.[1] ku acknowledges that the words have retained their separate meanings among those who use them.
The merger of these words was mostly successful with lukin/oko, and mostly unsuccessful with sin/namako and a/kin. However, kin's original role as an emphasis marker moved completely to a, which was previously only a sentence-final particle to indicate emotion.[2] Here is an overview of how meanings changed over time:
| Word | Pre-pu usage | Usage in pu | Post-pu usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | emotion particle | emotion particle, emphasis marker | emotion particle, emphasis marker |
| kin | also, (uncommon: emphasis marker) | also | |
| sin | new, another, more | new, another, more, extra, additional | new, another, more |
| namako | spice, embellishment, extra, additional | spice, embellishment, extra, additional | |
| lukin | see, look, visual | see, look, visual, eye, try | see, look, visual, eye, try |
| oko | eye | eye, (uncommon: see, look) |
ali
ali is generally considered a pronunciation variant of ale, rather than a separate, synonymous word.
References
- ↑ Messages from jan Sonja in ma pona pi toki pona: kin, namako, oko.
- ↑ The 2007 definitions in Classic Word List define a as an "emotion word" and kin as a word that "emphasizes the word(s) before it".
nimisin
Some nimisin happen to be coined with the same meaning:
- cross: aka, eki, natu
- dream: jume, oni
- 3: san, tuli