Personal pronouns: Difference between revisions
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The '''personal pronouns''' in [[Toki Pona]] are '''{{tp|mi}}''' (first person), '''{{tp|sina}}''' (second person), and '''{{tp|ona}}''' (third person). Pronouns act like any other [[content word]] when it comes to syntax and number. |
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==Number== |
==Number== |
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|{{Example|mi [[wan]]|I}} |
|{{Example|mi [[wan]]|I}} |
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|{{Example|mi [[tu]]|us two}} |
|{{Example|mi [[tu]]|us two}} |
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|{{Example|mi [[mute]]|we<ref>Just like with regular [[noun]]s, {{tp|mute}} is generally reserved for three or more individuals. If "we" refers to two people it is more common to use {{tp|mi tu}} or just {{tp|mi}} instead of {{tp|mi mute}}.</ref>}} |
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|{{Example|mi [[mute]]|we}} |
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|{{Example|mi [[ale]]|we all}} |
|{{Example|mi [[ale]]|we all}} |
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<references /> |
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==Possessives== |
==Possessives== |
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When used as modifiers, |
When used as modifiers, personal pronouns almost always imply possession: |
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{{Example|[[ijo]] <u>mi</u>| |
{{Example|[[ijo]] <u>mi</u>| |
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<u>my</u> stuff |
<u>my</u> stuff |
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==Other pronouns== |
==Other pronouns== |
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{{tp|[[ni]]}} ("that") and {{tp|[[seme]]}} ("what") |
{{tp|[[ni]]}} ("that") and {{tp|[[seme]]}} ("what") are also pronouns, as they stand in for a content word or phrase, but they are not personal pronouns. See also [[ona vs ni|{{tp|ona}} vs {{tp|ni}}]]. |
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{{Words}} |
{{Words}} |
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[[Category:Parts of speech]] |
[[Category:Parts of speech]] |
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Revision as of 02:22, 10 September 2023
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| Pronunciation | /mi/ |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (100% → )2022: Core (100%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Codepoint | U+F1934 |
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| Pronunciation | /ˈsi |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (100% → )2022: Core (100%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Codepoint | U+F195E |
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| Pronunciation | /ˈo |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (100% ↗︎ )2022: Core (99%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Codepoint | U+F1946 |
The personal pronouns in Toki Pona are mi (first person), sina (second person), and ona (third person). Pronouns act like any other content word when it comes to syntax and number.
Number
Pronouns do not mark number, so they can be singular and plural.
mimi
I/me
we/us
sinasina
you
y'all (or any other plural form)
onaona
it (or she/her, he/him, singular they/them, and the like)
they/them
If number must be specified, it can be added as a modifier:
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Possessives
When used as modifiers, personal pronouns almost always imply possession:
ijo miijo mi
my stuff
our stuff
ijo sinaijo sina
your stuff
ijo onaijo ona
their stuff
Distinction
Pronouns do not mark gender. Instead, you can narrow down the referent of a pronoun by using any quality as a modifier.
ona jeloona jelo
the yellow one(s) of them
Hey, the tall one(s) of you!
li dropping
If the subject of a sentence is only mi or only sina, the li that would follow is dropped.
mi pona ijo mi li ponami pona. ijo mi li pona.
sina pona sina kin li ponasina pona. sina kin li pona.
mi en sina li ponami en sina li pona.
ona li ponaona li pona.
Other pronouns
ni ("that") and seme ("what") are also pronouns, as they stand in for a content word or phrase, but they are not personal pronouns. See also ona vs ni.