kalama: Difference between revisions
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{{nimi
| PoS = content word
| image = Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg
}}
'''{{tp|kalama}}''' is {{a category}} [[content word]] relating to sounds.
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==Semantic space==
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|kalama}} includes noises and sounds.<ref>{{cite lipamanka}}</ref> In the [[predicate]], it refers to producing a noise. According the {{tp|[[monsutatesu]]}}, the word {{tp|kalama}} can have two [[Antonyms|opposite]] definitions when used transitively: "to make the sound (of something)" and "to make (someone) make sound". This was first noted by {{tok|ike Pike}} sometime before 2021.<ref>{{cite web|author={{tok|kala pona Tonyu}}|date=29 January 2021|url=https://lipukule.org/post/2021/01/29/monsutatesu|title={{tok|monsutatesu}}|website={{tp|[[lipu kule]]}}}}</ref>
==={{tp|pu}}===
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==={{tp|ku}}===
For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|kalama}}:<ref>{{cite ku|235}}</ref>
{{ku data}}
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}==
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|kalama}}
=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}==
<!--The {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}} glyph for {{tp|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}} ({{ss|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}}) depicts/represents/is derived from/is composed of ….-->
▲{{Fun}}
==References==
<references/>
==Further reading==
* {{R:Linku}}
* {{R:Wikipesija}}
* {{R:Wiktionary}}
{{Words}}
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Latest revision as of 18:44, 13 March 2024
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Pronunciation | /ˈka |
---|---|
Usage | 2023: Core (100% ↗︎ )2022: Core (99%) |
Book and era | nimi pu |
Part of speech | Content word |
Codepoint | U+F1915 |
kalama is a core content word relating to sounds.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The word kalama is derived from Croatian galama, meaning "noise".[1]
Semantic space[edit | edit source]
The semantic space of kalama includes noises and sounds.[2] In the predicate, it refers to producing a noise. According the monsutatesu, the word kalama can have two opposite definitions when used transitively: "to make the sound (of something)" and "to make (someone) make sound". This was first noted by ike Pike sometime before 2021.[3]
pu[edit | edit source]
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines kalama as:
VERB to produce a sound; recite, utter aloud
ku[edit | edit source]
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as kalama:[4]
sound5, bang2, noise4 , tone3
sitelen pona[edit | edit source]
The sitelen pona glyph for kalama () is the open mouth radical, from uta, with emitters above. This represents a mouth producing or emitting sound.
sitelen sitelen[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ lipamanka. "toki pona dictionary". lipamanka.gay.
- ↑ kala pona Tonyu. (29 January 2021). "monsutatesu". lipu kule.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 235.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- "kalama" on lipu Linku
- "kalama" on lipu Wikipesija
- "kalama" on English Wiktionary