kili: Difference between revisions
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(Updated semantic space and sitelen pona (alt fruits are only found in linja lipamanka and not attested in handwriting as far as I can tell)) |
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{{nimi |
{{nimi |
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| image = CSIRO ScienceImage 10461 A selection of fruit and vegetables.jpg |
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| PoS = content word |
| PoS = content word |
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'''{{tp|kili}}''' is a [[content word]] relating to |
'''{{tp|kili}}''' is {{a category}} [[content word]] relating to fruits and vegetables. |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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The word {{tp|kili}} is derived from {{w|Georgian language|Georgian}} |
The word {{tp|kili}} is derived from {{w|Georgian language|Georgian}} {{lang|ka|ხილი}} (''{{lang|ka-Latn|xili}}''), meaning "fruit".<ref>{{cite etym}}</ref> |
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==Semantic space== |
==Semantic space== |
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The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|kili}} includes |
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|kili}} includes edible parts of plants, and preparations such as preserves that are recognizable as such.<ref name="lipamanka">{{cite lipamanka}}</ref> These also include the {{w|Fruiting plants|fruiting parts}} of a plant or fungus. {{tp|kili}} is not limited to {{w|fruit}}s in any particular sense of the English word, and also describes {{w|vegetable}}s, {{w|Nut (fruit)|nuts}}, {{w|seed}}s, {{w|flower}}s, and {{w|mushroom}}s. |
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{{Example |
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|mi moku e <mark>kili</mark>. |
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|I ate a <mark>kumquat</mark>. |
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}} |
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Figuratively, {{tp|kili}} is also sometimes used for offspring. For example, a human child (descendant of any age) may be referred to as {{tp|jan kili}}. In their dictionary, linguist {{tok|[[lipamanka]]}} relates this to the {{w|family tree}} metaphor of several European languages and cautions that it may not be understood without additional [[context]].<ref name="lipamanka" /> |
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==={{tp|pu}}=== |
==={{tp|pu}}=== |
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In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book {{pu|en}} defines {{tp|kili}} as: |
In the "[[Dictionary (pu)|Official Toki Pona Dictionary]]" section, the book {{pu|en}} defines {{tp|kili}} as: |
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{{pu def}} |
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<blockquote style="font-family: 'Gentium Plus', 'Gentium Basic', Gentium, sans-serif;"> |
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{{PoS|noun}} fruit, vegetable, mushroom |
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==={{tp|ku}}=== |
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</blockquote> |
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For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|kili}}:<ref>{{cite ku|249}}</ref> |
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{{ku data}} |
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=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
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The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|kili}} ({{sp|kili}}) depicts a fruit (in the botanical sense; it also resembles various vegetables). It is typically shaped like a {{w|cardioid}}, with a stem drawn as a straight or curved line up from the {{w|Cusp (singularity)|cusp}}. |
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=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}== |
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{{Empty}} |
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<!--The {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}} glyph for {{tp|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}} ({{ss|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}}) depicts/represents/is derived from/is composed of ….--> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* {{tp|[[kasi]]}} |
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* {{tp|[[moku]]}} |
* {{tp|[[moku]]}} |
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* {{tp|[[pan]]}} |
* {{tp|[[pan]]}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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<references/> |
<references/> |
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==Further reading== |
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* {{R:Linku}} |
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* {{R:Wikipesija}} |
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* {{R:Wiktionary}} |
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{{Words}} |
{{Words}} |
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Latest revision as of 02:12, 27 March 2024
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| Pronunciation | /ˈki |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (99% → )2022: Core (99%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Codepoint | U+F191A |
kili is a core content word relating to fruits and vegetables.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The word kili is derived from Georgian ხილი (xili), meaning "fruit".[1]
Semantic space[edit | edit source]
The semantic space of kili includes edible parts of plants, and preparations such as preserves that are recognizable as such.[2] These also include the fruiting parts of a plant or fungus. kili is not limited to fruits in any particular sense of the English word, and also describes vegetables, nuts, seeds, flowers, and mushrooms.
mi moku e kilimi moku e kili.
I ate a kumquat.
Figuratively, kili is also sometimes used for offspring. For example, a human child (descendant of any age) may be referred to as jan kili. In their dictionary, linguist lipamanka relates this to the family tree metaphor of several European languages and cautions that it may not be understood without additional context.[2]
pu[edit | edit source]
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines kili as:
NOUN fruit, vegetable, mushroom
ku[edit | edit source]
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as kili:[3]
fruit5, vegetable5, apple5, kumquat3, fungus2, nut2, bean2, onion2, tomato2
sitelen pona[edit | edit source]
The sitelen pona glyph for kili (kili) depicts a fruit (in the botanical sense; it also resembles various vegetables). It is typically shaped like a cardioid, with a stem drawn as a straight or curved line up from the cusp.
sitelen sitelen[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 lipamanka. "toki pona dictionary". lipamanka.gay.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 249.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- "kili" on lipu Linku
- "kili" on lipu Wikipesija
- "kili" on English Wiktionary