seme
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| Pronunciation | /ˈse |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (100% → )2022: Core (100%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Codepoint | U+F1959 |
seme is a core interrogative content word, meaning "what?".
Etymology
The word seme is derived from Mandarin 什麼 / 什么 (pinyin: shénme), meaning "what".[1]
Semantic space
seme is an interrogative pronoun that means "what?" or "which?", used to form general questions. It replaces the word or phrase in the sentence that the speaker wants information about. Unlike in English, seme does not move elsewhere in the sentence; word order is the same between statements and questions.
sina moku e semesina moku e seme?
What are you eating? (literally, "You eat what?")
jan-seme li moku e kilijan seme li moku e kili?
Who [which person] eats fruit?
The replacement rule is not always strict. In this example, answering mi could be understood as mi moku e kili (with the answer replacing the whole phrase jan seme), rather than jan mi li moku e kili (with the answer only replacing seme).
seme is often used as an interjection to express confusion.
seme aseme a?![2]
Huh?!
pu
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines seme as:
PARTICLE what? which?
ku
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as seme:[3]
what5, which4, huh3
sitelen pona
The sitelen pona glyph for seme () is derived from the Latin-script question mark (?). While some sitelen pona fonts give the question mark and seme different proportions, it looks just like a normal question mark in Sonja Lang's handwriting, and many other fonts follow suit. Because of this and the regularity of Toki Pona questions, question marks are unneeded in sitelen pona and can be mistaken for seme.
References
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ jan Kekan San. (10 February 2023). "mi lon e ma" [I make a place exist] (in Toki Pona). jan Kekan San [@gregdan3d]. YouTube. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 339.
Further reading
- "seme" on lipu Linku
- "seme" on lipu Wikipesija
- "seme" on English Wiktionary