Synonyms: Difference between revisions
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==={{tp|teken}}=== |
==={{tp|teken}}=== |
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{{nimi|teken |
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⚫ | {{tp|teken}} is an alternate form for {{tp|[[sitelen]]}},<ref>{{cite Discord|url=//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/316066233755631616/1070995484849741864|channel={{tok|jaki}}|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|author=Asiku|username=asiku|access-date=2024-01-17|quote=}}<blockquote>.. {{tok|teken}}<br />"{{tok|teken}}" is the same as "{{tok|sitelen}}"<br />Full writeup coming soon</blockquote></ref> derived from Dutch ''{{wt|teken#Dutch|{{lang|nl|teken}}}}'' ("sign, symbol, character") instead of ''{{wt|schilderen#Dutch|{{lang|nl|schilderen}}}}'' ("to paint").<ref name="asiku-teken">{{cite Discord|username=asiku|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|toki-suli}}|thread={{tok|linja lipamanka}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/1053850152932233266/1070995609349271623|quote=this {{tok|nimisin}} exists because the word "{{lang|nl|schilderen}}" in dutch does not actually mean what {{tok|sitelen}} means, but the word "{{lang|nl|teken}}" does|author={{tok|jan Asiku}}|access-date=2024-01-17}}</ref> It was first mentioned on {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} by {{tok|jan Kasape}},<ref>{{cite Discord|username=casperdewith|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|musi-ako}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/786041291707777034/998713553034944632|quote={{tok|lon. mi la, ‘tekenen’ / ‘teken’ li pona mute.}}|author={{tok|jan Kasape}}|access-date=2024-01-17}}</ref> with {{tok|jan Asiku}} being another vocal supporter. The proposed {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for it is similar to that of {{tp|sitelen}}, but with the three dots replaced by a horizontal line.<ref>{{cite Discord|username=asiku|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|toki-suli}}|thread={{tok|linja lipamanka}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/1053850152932233266/1070995609349271623|quote={{tok|nimi sin}} request: "{{tok|teken}}" [Image]|author={{tok|jan Asiku}}|access-date=2024-01-17}}</ref> |
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{{Needs media|scope=infobox|a {{tp|sitelen pona}} image}} |
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⚫ | {{tp|teken}} is an alternate form for {{tp|[[sitelen]]}},<ref>{{cite Discord|url=//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/316066233755631616/1070995484849741864|channel={{tok|jaki}}|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|author=Asiku|username=asiku|access-date=2024-01-17|quote=}}<blockquote>.. {{tok|teken}}<br />"{{tok|teken}}" is the same as "{{tok|sitelen}}"<br />Full writeup coming soon</blockquote></ref> derived from Dutch ''{{wt|teken#Dutch|{{lang|nl|teken}}}}'' ("sign, symbol, character") instead of ''{{wt|schilderen#Dutch|{{lang|nl|schilderen}}}}'' ("to paint").<ref name="asiku-teken">{{cite Discord|username=asiku|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|toki-suli}}|thread={{tok|linja lipamanka}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/1053850152932233266/1070995609349271623|quote=this {{tok|nimisin}} exists because the word "{{lang|nl|schilderen}}" in dutch does not actually mean what {{tok|sitelen}} means, but the word "{{lang|nl|teken}}" does|author={{tok|jan Asiku}}|access-date=2024-01-17}}</ref> It was first mentioned on {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} by {{tok|jan Kasape}},<ref>{{cite Discord|username=casperdewith|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|musi-ako}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/786041291707777034/998713553034944632|quote={{tok|lon. mi la, ‘tekenen’ / ‘teken’ li pona mute.}}|author={{tok|jan Kasape}}|access-date=2024-01-17}}</ref> with {{tok|jan Asiku}} being another vocal supporter. The proposed {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for it ({{sp|teken}}) is similar to that of {{tp|sitelen}}, but with the three dots replaced by a horizontal line.<ref>{{cite Discord|username=asiku|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|toki-suli}}|thread={{tok|linja lipamanka}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/1053850152932233266/1070995609349271623|quote={{tok|nimi sin}} request: "{{tok|teken}}" [Image]|author={{tok|jan Asiku}}|access-date=2024-01-17}}</ref> |
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==={{tp|linuwi}}=== |
==={{tp|linuwi}}=== |
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{{nimi|linuwi |
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{{Needs media|scope=infobox|a {{tp|sitelen pona}} image}} |
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{{tp|linuwi}} is an alternate spelling for {{tp|[[linluwi]]}}, proposed by {{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}. His glyph for it is based on {{tp|[[kulupu]]}}, with lines connecting the 3 circles.<ref>{{cite Discord|username=gregdan3|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|sona-musi}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/375591429608570881/1059157634659397632|author={{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}|access-date=2024-01-17}} |
{{tp|linuwi}} is an alternate spelling for {{tp|[[linluwi]]}}, proposed by {{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}. His glyph for it is based on {{tp|[[kulupu]]}}, with lines connecting the 3 circles.<ref>{{cite Discord|username=gregdan3|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|channel={{tok|sona-musi}}|url=https://discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/375591429608570881/1059157634659397632|author={{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}|access-date=2024-01-17}} |
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its definition is the same as people already use it and if you say it's just internet i accuse you of calque |
its definition is the same as people already use it and if you say it's just internet i accuse you of calque |
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{{Clear}} |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
Revision as of 01:09, 13 March 2024
Synonyms are words with the same meaning. They are the opposite of antonyms.
"Synonyms" in pu
The book Toki Pona: The Language of Good lists three words—kin, oko, and namako—as "synonyms" of the a, lukin, and sin, respectively. These "synonyms" are generally not counted among the 120 nimi pu.
Word | Definition in practice | "Synonym" | Merged definition |
---|---|---|---|
kin | also | a | emotion particle, emphasis marker |
namako | spice, extra | sin | new, extra |
oko | eye | lukin | see, eye, (pre-verb) try |
Those words have been in use before and since the publication of pu, but with different meanings from their supposed relatives. Calling them "synonyms" was a deliberate attempt to merge them.[1] ku acknowledges that the words have retained their separate meanings among those who use them.
The merger of these words was mostly successful with lukin/oko, and mostly unsuccessful with sin/namako and a/kin. However, kin's original role as an emphasis marker moved completely to a, which was previously only a sentence-final particle to indicate emotion.[2] Below is an overview of how meanings changed over time:
Word | Pre-pu usage | Usage in pu | Post-pu usage |
---|---|---|---|
a | emotion particle | emotion particle, emphasis marker | emotion particle, emphasis marker |
kin | also, (uncommon: emphasis marker) | also | |
sin | new, another, more | new, another, more, extra, additional | new, another, more |
namako | spice, embellishment, extra, additional | spice, embellishment, extra, additional | |
lukin | see, look, visual | see, look, visual, eye, try | see, look, visual, eye, try |
oko | eye | eye, (uncommon: see, look) |
ali
ali is generally considered a pronunciation variant of ale, rather than a separate word.
nimi sin
There are some nimi sin coined at different times, which happen to coincide in meaning:
Reforms
Some speakers propose (or merely personally use) new spellings for existing words, e.g. for closer resemblance to their etymology.
Pre-pu reforms
A few words included in pu underwent changes between their inception and the book being published, namely:
ali was an attempted reform too, but it only succeeded as a variant and not a community-wide replacement.
teken
Pronunciation | /ˈte |
---|---|
Usage | 2023: Not notable (0%) Most speakers don't understand this word. |
Book and era | No book |
Part of speech | Content word |
teken is an alternate form for sitelen,[3] derived from Dutch teken ("sign, symbol, character") instead of schilderen ("to paint").[4] It was first mentioned on ma pona pi toki pona by jan Kasape,[5] with jan Asiku being another vocal supporter. The proposed sitelen pona glyph for it (teken) is similar to that of sitelen, but with the three dots replaced by a horizontal line.[6]
linuwi
Pronunciation | /ˈli |
---|---|
Usage | 2023: N/A This word has not been surveyed for. Most speakers likely don't understand it. |
Book and era | No book |
Part of speech | Content word |
linuwi is an alternate spelling for linluwi, proposed by jan Kekan San. His glyph for it is based on kulupu, with lines connecting the 3 circles.[7]
Notes
- ↑ The words aka and eki are considered deprecated and synonymous of the main word natu.
References
- ↑ Messages from jan Sonja in ma pona pi toki pona: kin, namako, oko.
- ↑ The 2007 definitions in Classic Word List define a as an "emotion word" and kin as a word that "emphasizes the word(s) before it".
- ↑ Asiku [@asiku]. (3 February 2023). [Message posted in the
#jaki
channel in the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server]. Discord. Retrieved 17 January 2024... teken
"teken" is the same as "sitelen"
Full writeup coming soon - ↑ jan Asiku [@asiku]. (3 February 2023). [Message posted in the
#linja lipamanka
thread in the#toki-suli
channel in the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server]. Discord. Retrieved 17 January 2024. "this nimisin exists because the word "schilderen" in dutch does not actually mean what sitelen means, but the word "teken" does". - ↑ jan Kasape [@casperdewith]. (18 July 2022). [Message posted in the
#musi-ako
channel in the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server]. Discord. Retrieved 17 January 2024. "lon. mi la, ‘tekenen’ / ‘teken’ li pona mute.". - ↑ jan Asiku [@asiku]. (3 February 2023). [Message posted in the
#linja lipamanka
thread in the#toki-suli
channel in the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server]. Discord. Retrieved 17 January 2024. "nimi sin request: "teken" [Image]". - ↑ jan Kekan San [@gregdan3]. (1 January 2023). [Message posted in the
#sona-musi
channel in the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server]. Discord. Retrieved 17 January 2024.linluwi redeption arc:
it's linuwi
it's drawn by starting with kulupu and connecting them with 3 lines (see reply)
its definition is the same as people already use it and if you say it's just internet i accuse you of calque