ni: Difference between revisions
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=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
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The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|ni}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|ni}}}}) is an {{w|Arrow (symbol)|arrow}}, pointing down by default. |
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|ni}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|ni}}}}) is an {{w|Arrow (symbol)|arrow}}, pointing down by default. This may be so that, when used as a [[modifier]] in a [[stacked glyph]], it points at the head word underneath. |
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===Directional {{tp|ni}}=== |
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The glyph for {{tp|ni}} may be turned to point in other directions, toward the words it is referencing. This [[style]], called '''directional {{tp|ni}}''', is thought to be a {{w|multiple invention}}; {{tok|[[lipamanka]]}} recalls being one of several [[Tokiponist]]s to come up with it independently.<ref>{{cite Discord|url=//discord.com/channels/948448338662010910/1191946786936459325/1253794940128067664|channel=unicode|server={{tp|ma pi nasin sitelen}}|author={{tok|lipamanka}}|username={{tok|lipamanka}}|access-date=2024-06-25|quote=directional {{tok|ni}} - I think this one was not coined just one time but I was definitely one person who started using it and came up with it independently.}}</ref> |
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{{Example |
{{Example |
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/> <mark>ni</mark> li nasa a<ref>{{cite web|title=waso|date=2023-05-11|author=lipamanka|url=https://lipamanka.gay/toki-pona-taso/waso|url-date=2024-01-21|website=LIPUmanka}}</ref> |
/> <mark>ni</mark> li nasa a<ref>{{cite web|title=waso|date=2023-05-11|author=lipamanka|url=https://lipamanka.gay/toki-pona-taso/waso|url-date=2024-01-21|website=LIPUmanka}}</ref> |
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|The animal said: "this is silly!" |
|The animal said: "this is silly!" |
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|soweli li toki e <mark> |
|soweli li toki e <mark>ni8</mark><!-- This ni should point down and to the left. --><br |
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/> <mark>ni3 </mark> li nasa a |
/> <mark>ni3 </mark> li nasa a |
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}} |
}} |
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Directional {{tp|ni}} has displaced a previously popular up-arrow glyph for {{tp|[[epiku]]}}. |
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=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}== |
=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}== |
Revision as of 02:11, 26 June 2024
Pronunciation | /ni/ |
---|---|
Usage | 2023: Core (100% → )2022: Core (100%) |
Book and era | nimi pu |
Part of speech | Content word |
Codepoint | U+F1941 |
ni is a core content word meaning "this" or "that".
Etymology
The word ni is derived from Cantonese 呢 (Jyutping: ni1), meaning "this".[1]
Semantic space
ni is a demonstrative, used to indicate which entities are being referred to, analogous to English this, that, these, and those. It is not constrated by proximity, number, or gender. Speakers often distinguish these by pointing to a certain object or by context.
mi wile e moku nimi wile e moku ni
I want this/that food.
ni li lonni li lon.
That's true.
In the predicate, ni refers to a specificed action, meaning "to do this".
pu
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines ni as:
ADJECTIVE that, this
ku
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as ni:[2]
this5, particular2 , specifically2 , there2, that5 , these5 , those4
Linking ni
ni can be used to link multiple sentences. The effect can be similar to the word "that", as used to start a relative clause. This is one of the main tools to describe ideas that are too complex to fit in a single sentence.[3]
In the Latin script, the sentence with ni typically ends in a colon. In sitelen pona, the glyph for a linking ni is often rotated to point at the other sentence, usually to the right.
mi sona e ni2 sina sona e ni2 mi sonami sona e ni: sina sona e ni: mi sona.
I know that you know that I know.
The word ni does not need to be next to the following sentence to be linking to it.
kili ni2li pona ona li loje li suwi akili ni li pona: ona li loje li suwi a.
These fruits are good: they're red and so sweet.
ona vs. ni
sitelen pona
The sitelen pona glyph for ni () is an arrow, pointing down by default. This may be so that, when used as a modifier in a stacked glyph, it points at the head word underneath.
Directional ni
The glyph for ni may be turned to point in other directions, toward the words it is referencing. This style, called directional ni, is thought to be a multiple invention; lipamanka recalls being one of several Tokiponists to come up with it independently.[4]
soweli li toki e ni8
ni3 li nasa asoweli li toki e ni
ni li nasa a[5]The animal said: "this is silly!"
Directional ni has displaced a previously popular up-arrow glyph for epiku.
sitelen sitelen
References
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. pp. 302–303.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (25 May 2014). Toki Pona: The Language of Good. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292300. OCLC 921253340. p. 58.
- ↑ lipamanka [@lipamanka]. (21 June 2024). [Message posted in the
#unicode
channel in the ma pi nasin sitelen Discord server]. Discord. Retrieved 25 June 2024. "directional ni - I think this one was not coined just one time but I was definitely one person who started using it and came up with it independently.". - ↑ lipamanka. (11 May 2023). "waso". LIPUmanka.
Further reading
- "ni" on lipu Linku
- "ni" on lipu Wikipesija
- "ni" on English Wiktionary