pali: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
(10 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{nimi |
{{nimi |
||
| image = Blacksmith working 3.jpg |
|||
⚫ | |||
| alt = A blacksmith working |
|||
⚫ | |||
}} |
}} |
||
'''{{tp|pali}}''' is {{a category}} [[content word]] relating to work and activities. |
'''{{tp|pali}}''' is {{a category}} [[content word]] relating to work and activities. |
||
==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
||
The word {{tp|pali}} is derived from {{ |
The word {{tp|pali}} is derived from {{bor|eo|fari|to do, to make}}.<ref>{{cite etym}}</ref> |
||
==Semantic space== |
==Semantic space== |
||
{{Hatnote|See also: [[Creation]]}} |
{{Hatnote|See also: [[Creation]]}} |
||
⚫ | |||
{{Needs work}} |
|||
{{Example |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|mi <mark>pali </mark> e pan |
|||
}} |
|||
===Semantic drift from "do" sense=== |
|||
{{Anchor|palin't}} |
|||
In [[historical usage]] and in the book {{pu|en}}, the word {{tp|pali}} was often used as a generic action verb meaning "to do". This has since become notably less popular, an instance of {{w|semantic drift}}. This drift is sometimes referred to as {{tp|pali}}n't.<ref name="palint">{{cite web|url=https://mun.la/sona/palint|title=palin't|author={{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}|website=mun.la|publisher=|access-date=2024-01-21}}</ref> |
|||
{{Example |
{{Example |
||
| |
|sina <mark>pali</mark> e seme? |
||
|What are you doing? (''obsolete usage'')<br |
|||
⚫ | |||
/>What are you working on? (''surviving usage'')<ref name="palint" /> |
|||
⚫ | |||
|sina <mark>pali </mark> e seme |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
Many speakers nowadays prefer more direct constructions with a causative predicate construction, in the form ''X {{tp|li}} Y {{tp|e}} Z''. |
|||
{{Example |
{{Example |
||
|ona li pali e ni: mi pona. |
|ona li <mark>pali</mark> e ni: mi pona. |
||
|They do this: I am good. (obsolete usage) |
|They do this: I am good. (''obsolete usage'') |
||
|ona li pali e |
|ona li <mark>pali </mark> e ni2 {{idsp}} mi pona |
||
}} |
}} |
||
{{Example |
{{Example |
||
|ona li pona e mi. |
|ona li pona e mi. |
||
|They make me good. (modern usage) |
|They make me good. (''modern usage'') |
||
|ona li pona e mi |
|ona li pona e mi |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 39: | Line 50: | ||
==={{tp|ku}}=== |
==={{tp|ku}}=== |
||
For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|pali}}: |
For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|pali}}:<ref>{{cite ku|307–308}}</ref> |
||
{{ku data}} |
{{ku data}} |
||
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
||
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|pali}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|pali}}}}) is derived from a [[circle radical|circle]] above a [[hand radical]], representing a generic action. These may be drawn either connected or separated. The glyph could possibly be confused with a [[stacked glyph]] for {{tp|luka ijo}}, however, |
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|pali}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|pali}}}}) is derived from a [[circle radical|circle]] above a [[hand radical]], representing a generic action. These may be drawn either connected or separated. The glyph could possibly be confused with a [[stacked glyph]] for {{tp|luka ijo}}, however, that construction is unlikely. |
||
=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}== |
|||
{{Empty}} |
|||
<!--The {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}} glyph for {{tp|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}} ({{ss|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}}) depicts/represents/is derived from/is composed of ….--> |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
Latest revision as of 09:01, 5 August 2024
![]() | |
Pronunciation | /ˈpa |
---|---|
Usage | 2023: Core (100% ↗︎ )2022: Core (99%) |
Book and era | nimi pu |
Part of speech | Content word |
Codepoint | U+F1949 |
pali is a core content word relating to work and activities.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The word pali is derived from Esperanto fari ("to do, to make").[1]
Semantic space[edit | edit source]
The semantic space of pali includes work and activities, effort done to achieve something. It is used to describe the act or instance of creating things, including jobs, projects, and creative works.
mi pali e panmi pali e pan.
I make pastries.
Semantic drift from "do" sense[edit | edit source]
In historical usage and in the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good, the word pali was often used as a generic action verb meaning "to do". This has since become notably less popular, an instance of semantic drift. This drift is sometimes referred to as palin't.[2]
sina pali e semesina pali e seme?
What are you doing? (obsolete usage)
What are you working on? (surviving usage)[2]
Many speakers nowadays prefer more direct constructions with a causative predicate construction, in the form X li Y e Z.
ona li pali e ni2 mi ponaona li pali e ni: mi pona.
They do this: I am good. (obsolete usage)
ona li pona e miona li pona e mi.
They make me good. (modern usage)
pu[edit | edit source]
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines pali as:
VERB to do, take action on, work on; build, make, prepare
ku[edit | edit source]
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as pali:[3]
work5, actively2 , employment2 , practice2 , development2 , execution2 , invent2 , industry2 , role2 , procedure2 , functional2 , construction2 , achieve2 , prepare2 , interact2 , undergo2 , accomplishment2 , undertake2 , busy2 , behavioural2 , productive2 , industrial2 , plan2 , participation2 , manipulate2, do5 , construct5 , make5 , produce5 , activity5 , job5 , build5 , production5 , labour5 , working5 , action5 , task5 , create5 , function5 , occupation5 , operating4 , project4 , execute4 , craft4 , manufacturing4 , develop3 , generate3 , compose3 , assemble3 , act3 , profession3 , assignment3 , commit3 , perform3 , enact3 , operation3 , creation3 , effort3 , service3 , accomplish3 , implement3 , operate3 , implementation3 , behaviour3 , processing3 , behave3 , career3
sitelen pona[edit | edit source]
The sitelen pona glyph for pali () is derived from a circle above a hand radical, representing a generic action. These may be drawn either connected or separated. The glyph could possibly be confused with a stacked glyph for luka ijo, however, that construction is unlikely.
sitelen sitelen[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 jan Kekan San. "palin't". mun.la. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. pp. 307–308.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- "pali" on lipu Linku
- "pali" on lipu Wikipesija
- "pali" on English Wiktionary