tan: Difference between revisions
(I'm not sure what this means nor that it's true.) |
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{{nimi |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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The etymology of the word {{tp|tan}} is uncertain. Some possibilities include {{w|Cantonese}} {{lang|yue|從}} ({{w|Jyutping}}: ''{{lang|yue-Latn|cung<sup>4</sup>}}''), meaning "to follow; from";<ref>{{cite web|url=https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1t-pjAgZDyKPXcCRnEdATFQOxGbQFMjZm-8EvXiQd2Po/edit#gid=1397008886|title={{tp|Nimi Ale Pona}}. 2nd ed.|author=Moniz, C. Ryan, van Der Meulen, Spencer H., jan Lipamanka|website=Google Sheets|date=8 October 2020}}</ref> {{w|Georgian}} {{lang|ka|-დან}} (''{{lang|ka-Latn|-dan}}'') "from; out of; since";<ref>{{cite web|url=https://medium.com/@jansegers/toki-pona-root-word-etymology-page-f0a203954da|title=Toki Pona Root Word Etymology Page|author=jansegers|website=Medium|date=May 29, 2020}}</ref> and {{w|Dutch language|Dutch}} ''{{lang|nl|dan}}'' "then; after that; in that case".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forums.tokipona.org/viewtopic.php?t=2430|title=Re: Whence these words?|author={{tok|jan Pilipe}}|website=[[Toki Pona Forums]]|date=27 July 2015|quote={{tok|tan}} - Dutch '{{lang|nl|dan}}' same as 'then' in English […]}}</ref> |
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The word {{tp|tan}} is derived from {{w|Cantonese}} {{lang|yue|從}} ({{w|Jyutping}}: ''{{lang|yue-Latn|cung<sup>4</sup>}}''), meaning "to follow; from".{{citation needed}} <!-- Wouldn't that be /t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/ to tun? --> |
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==Semantic space== |
==Semantic space== |
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The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|tan}} includes the source, origin, cause, or reason for something |
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|tan}} includes the source, origin, cause, or reason for something. |
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===Preposition=== |
===Preposition=== |
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As a [[preposition]], {{tp|tan}} is translated as "because (of)", "by", and "from". |
As a [[preposition]], {{tp|tan}} is translated as "because (of)", "by", and "from". |
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{{Example |
{{Example |
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{{Example |
{{Example |
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|ni li <mark>tan</mark> seme? |
|ni li <mark>tan</mark> seme? |
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|Where is this <mark>from</mark>? (lit. this is <mark>from</mark> what?)<br |
|Where is this <mark>from</mark>? (lit. this is <mark>from</mark> what?)<br /> |
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Why is that? (lit. this is <mark>because of</mark> what?) |
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{{Example|mi pana e ijo pona <mark>tan</mark> ni: mi olin e sina.|I gave something nice <mark>because</mark> you're dear to me.|mi pana e ijo pona <mark>tan</mark> ni> : mi olin e sina.}} |
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}} |
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{{Example |
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|mi pana e ijo pona <mark>tan</mark> ni: mi olin e sina. |
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|I gave something nice <mark>because</mark> you're dear to me. |
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|mi pana e ijo pona <mark>tan</mark> ni> : mi olin e sina. |
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}} |
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===Content word=== |
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As a [[content word]], {{tp|tan}}'s [[semantic space]] includes "origin" and "reason", the latter being based on the preposition sense of "because". While some speakers chiefly use {{tp|tan}} as a preposition, {{ku}}'s "[[Notes on lipu pu|Notes on {{tp|lipu pu}}]]" acknowledges the content word usage with the example sentence:<ref>{{cite ku|7}}</ref> |
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{{Example |
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|mi sona ala e <mark>tan</mark>. |
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|I don't know the <mark>reason</mark>. |
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}} |
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==={{tp|pu}}=== |
==={{tp|pu}}=== |
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In the "[[Dictionary (pu)|Official Toki Pona Dictionary]]" section, the book {{pu|en}} defines {{tp|tan}} as: |
In the "[[Dictionary (pu)|Official Toki Pona Dictionary]]" section, the book {{pu|en}} defines {{tp|tan}} as: |
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{{pu def |
{{pu def}} |
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==={{tp|ku}}=== |
==={{tp|ku}}=== |
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For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|tan}}: |
For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|tan}}:<ref>{{cite ku|355}}</ref> |
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{{ku data}} |
{{ku data}} |
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=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
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[[File:Oxygen15.04.1-edit-undo Workaround.svg|thumb|120x120px|An {{w|undo}} icon resembling {{tp|tan}} in {{tp|sitelen pona}}]] |
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The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|tan}} represents a curved arrow pointing backwards, pointing towards the origin. |
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The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|tan}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|tan}}}}) depicts a curved {{w|Arrow (symbol)|arrow}} pointing {{w|counterclockwise}}, pointing from the phrase for the origin to the phrase for what is from there. It resembles the {{w|undo}} icon in many applications, which returns a document to a previous state. |
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=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}== |
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{{Empty}} |
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<!--The {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}} glyph for {{tp|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}} ({{ss|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}}) depicts/represents/is derived from/is composed of ….--> |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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==Further reading== |
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* {{R:Linku}} |
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* {{R:Wikipesija}} |
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* {{R:Wiktionary}} |
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{{Words}} |
{{Words}} |
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Latest revision as of 22:02, 13 March 2024
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| Pronunciation | /tan/ |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (99% → )2022: Core (99%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Preposition, content word |
| Codepoint | U+F1967 |
tan is a core preposition and content word relating to the origin, cause, or reason of something.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The etymology of the word tan is uncertain. Some possibilities include Cantonese 從 (Jyutping: cung4), meaning "to follow; from";[1] Georgian -დან (-dan) "from; out of; since";[2] and Dutch dan "then; after that; in that case".[3]
Semantic space[edit | edit source]
The semantic space of tan includes the source, origin, cause, or reason for something.
Preposition[edit | edit source]
As a preposition, tan is translated as "because (of)", "by", and "from".
mi tan ma [kasi alasa nasin awen telo a].mi tan ma Kanata.
I'm from Canada.
kasi suli li ken kama tan kili lilikasi suli li ken kama tan kili lili.
A big plant can come from a small fruit.
ni li tan seme?ni li tan seme?
Where is this from? (lit. this is from what?)
Why is that? (lit. this is because of what?)
mi pana e ijo pona tan ni> : mi olin e sina.mi pana e ijo pona tan ni: mi olin e sina.
I gave something nice because you're dear to me.
Content word[edit | edit source]
As a content word, tan's semantic space includes "origin" and "reason", the latter being based on the preposition sense of "because". While some speakers chiefly use tan as a preposition, ku's "Notes on lipu pu" acknowledges the content word usage with the example sentence:[4]
mi sona ala e tanmi sona ala e tan.
I don't know the reason.
pu[edit | edit source]
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines tan as:
PREPOSITION by, from, because of
ku[edit | edit source]
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as tan:[5]
from5, reason5, because of4, by4, source4, behalf of2, basis2, origin2, motive2, cause2, purpose2, per2, since2, factor2, incentive2
sitelen pona[edit | edit source]
The sitelen pona glyph for tan () depicts a curved arrow pointing counterclockwise, pointing from the phrase for the origin to the phrase for what is from there. It resembles the undo icon in many applications, which returns a document to a previous state.
sitelen sitelen[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Moniz, C. Ryan, van Der Meulen, Spencer H., jan Lipamanka. (8 October 2020). "Nimi Ale Pona. 2nd ed.". Google Sheets.
- ↑ jansegers. (29 May 2020). "Toki Pona Root Word Etymology Page". Medium.
- ↑ jan Pilipe. (27 July 2015). "Re: Whence these words?". Toki Pona Forums. "tan - Dutch 'dan' same as 'then' in English […]".
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 7.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 355.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- "tan" on lipu Linku
- "tan" on lipu Wikipesija
- "tan" on English Wiktionary