tawa: Difference between revisions
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==Semantic space==
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|tawa}} includes motion and movement
{{Example▼
|
|The tongue <mark>moves</mark> quickly.
}}▼
===Preposition===
As a [[preposition]], {{tp|tawa}}
{{Example
| jan Jesu li lukin pana e sona <mark>tawa</mark> ona.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://joelthomastr.github.io/tokipona/lipu-pi-jan-Luka-15_si|website={{tok|lipu pi jan Telakoman}}|title={{tp|lipu pi jan Luka}}|author={{tok|jan Telakoman}}|date=2023|access-date=10 November 2023}}</ref>
| Jesus sought to teach them ({{lit|to give knowledge <mark>to</mark> them}}).
| jan [jelo e sijelo uta] li lukin pana e sona <mark>tawa</mark> ona
}}
{{Example
| nasin ona li pona <mark>tawa</mark> mi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wGSEiI3XlJ32YKeFRmp6U-HMKW96Ac_4/view?pli=1|title={{tp|mijomi telo}}|author={{tok|[[jan inwin]]}}|website=Google Drive|access-date=10 November 2023}}</ref> <!-- This link may be susceptible to link rot. -->
| I like their way of doing things. ({{lit|Their way is good <mark>to</mark> me.}})
| nasin ona li pona <mark>tawa </mark> mi
}}
{{Example
| akesi li <mark>tawa</mark> ma ante.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://utala.pona.la/lipu-lili/akesi-li-wile-lon-nena.html|website={{tok|utala.pona.la}}|title={{tp|akesi li wile lon nena}}|author={{tok|jan Kita}}|date=2022|access-date=10 November 2023}}</ref>
| The lizard went to another place.
| akesi li <mark>tawa </mark> ma ante
}}
===
[[File:tawae.png|300px|thumb|Difference between the phrases {{tp|mi tawa tomo}} and {{tp|mi tawa e tomo}}.]]
{{Example
|
| The
| kon li <mark>tawa </mark> e lipu kasi lili
}}
{{Example
|
| The vehicle ({{lit|tool of <mark>motion</mark>}}) went to another place.▼
| ilo <mark>tawa </mark> li tawa ma ante
▲}}
▲{{Example
▲|ilo <mark>tawa</mark> li tawa ma ante.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://utala.pona.la/toki-en-lipu/lipu-suli/nasi.html|website={{tok|utala.pona.la}}|title=Nasi|author={{tok|jan Kepe}}|date=2023|access-date=10 November 2023}}</ref>
▲|The vehicle ({{lit|tool of <mark>motion</mark>}}) went to another place.
}}
===Preverb===
{{Start section|Nonstandard}}
The word {{tp|tawa}} may be used a [[preverb]] used to express the direciton of an action, as described in the {{ku|en}}.<ref name="ku9">{{cite ku|9}}</ref>
{{Example
| mi <mark>tawa</mark> moku e kala.<ref>{{cite ku|9}}</ref>
| I'll go eat seafood.
| mi <mark>tawa </mark> moku e kala
}}
{{End section}}
Line 71 βΆ 77:
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}==
{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| width = 100px
| image1 = Abydos-Bold-hieroglyph-D54.png
| alt1 = Egyptian hieroglyph of legs facing left
| image2 = Abydos-Bold-hieroglyph-D55.png
| alt2 = Egyptian hieroglyph of legs facing right
| footer = Egyptian hieroglyphs for legs facing backward and forward
}}
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|tawa}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|tawa}}}}) represents two legs moving towards the right, following the direction of the text. It can be written with many minor variations, such as whether one or both feet are flat (as though against the ground), angled, or curved. The glyph is a mirror image of {{tp|[[kama]]}} ({{sp|kama}}) and also similar to {{tp|[[awen]]}} ({{sp|awen}}).
According to {{tok|[[jan Sonja]]}}, the design was likely inspired by {{w|Ancient Egypt|ancient}} {{w|Egyptian language|Egyptian}} {{w|hieroglyph}}s,<ref>{{cite Discord|url=//discord.com/channels/301377942062366741/340307145373253642/874437838094082149|channel={{tok|pali-musi}}|server={{tp|ma pona pi toki pona}}|author={{tok|[[jan Sonja]]}}|username=sonjalang|access-date=2024-06-30|quote=i think my {{tok|tawa}} was inspired by ancient egyptian}}</ref> presumably those of {{w|Legs-forward (hieroglyph)|walking legs}} (Gardiner {{
=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}==
| |||
Revision as of 11:40, 1 July 2024
  | |
| Pronunciation | /Λta |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Core (100% ↗︎ )2022: Core (99%) |
| Book and era | nimi pu |
| Part of speech | Preposition, content word |
| Codepoint | U+F1969 |
tawa is a core content word and preposition relating to motion, direction, purpose, and perspective.
Etymology
The word tawa is derived from English towards.[1]
Semantic space
The semantic space of tawa includes motion and movement with varyiing interpretations. As a content word, it refers to any kind of motion, either going from one place to another or keeping stationary.
palisa uta li tawa wawapalisa uta li tawa wawa.[2]
The tongue moves quickly.
Preposition
As a preposition, tawa prototypically refers to the movement from one place to another. By extension, it may be used to introduce a direct object. It may also refer to the perspective of the object to an action.[3]
jan [jelo e sijelo uta] li lukin pana e sona tawa onajan Jesu li lukin pana e sona tawa ona.[4]
Jesus sought to teach them (lit. 'to give knowledge to them').
nasin ona li pona tawa minasin ona li pona tawa mi.[5]
I like their way of doing things. (lit. 'Their way is good to me.')
Similar to prepositions, it may also be used as the main word inside the predicate.
akesi li tawa ma anteakesi li tawa ma ante.[6]
The lizard went to another place.
Transitive verb
When used transitively, tawa refers to causing movement, as in moving an objet from being stationary.
kon li tawa e lipu kasi lilikon li tawa e lipu kasi lili.[7]
The wind moves the little leaves.
ilo tawa li tawa ma anteilo tawa li tawa ma ante.[8]
The vehicle (lit. 'tool of motion') went to another place.
Preverb
The word tawa may be used a preverb used to express the direciton of an action, as described in the Toki Pona Dictionary.[9]
mi tawa moku e kalami tawa moku e kala.[10]
I'll go eat seafood.
pu
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines tawa as:
PREPOSITION going to, toward; for; from the perspective of
ADJECTIVE moving
ku
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as tawa:[11]
move5, go5, toward5, motion5, movement5, towards5, to5, for5, transit4, travel4, transportation3, trip3, walk3, advance3, onto3, transport3, pass3, walking3, migration3, departure3, from the perspective of3, push3, march2, slide2, proceed2, forth2, drift2, according to2, mobile2, until2, transfer2, cross2, till2, approach2, forward2, momentum2, attend2, progress2
sitelen pona
The sitelen pona glyph for tawa () represents two legs moving towards the right, following the direction of the text. It can be written with many minor variations, such as whether one or both feet are flat (as though against the ground), angled, or curved. The glyph is a mirror image of kama (kama) and also similar to awen (awen).
According to jan Sonja, the design was likely inspired by ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs,[12] presumably those of walking legs (Gardiner D54 and D55, respectively). The sitelen pona glyphs resembling them have been since reanalyzed as sharing a leg radical.
sitelen sitelen
References
- β "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- β jan Sonja. (6 July 2022). "akesi pi ante kule". lipu kule. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- β Lang, Sonja. (25 May 2014). pu (in 56). Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292300. OCLC 921253340. p. 34.
- β jan Telakoman. (6 July 2023). "lipu pi jan Luka". lipu pi jan Telakoman. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- β jan inwin. "mijomi telo". Google Drive. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- β jan Kita. (6 July 2022). "akesi li wile lon nena". utala.pona.la. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- β jan Juli. (6 July 2022). "lawa monsuta". lipu kule. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- β jan Kepe. (6 July 2023). "Nasi". utala.pona.la. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- β Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 9.
- β Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 9.
- β Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. pp. 356β357.
- β jan Sonja [@sonjalang]. (9 August 2021). [Message posted in the
#pali-musichannel in the ma pona pi toki pona Discord server]. Discord. Retrieved 30 June 2024. "i think my tawa was inspired by ancient egyptian".
Further reading
- "tawa" on lipu Linku
- "tawa" on lipu Wikipesija
- "tawa" on English Wiktionary