Archaic words: Difference between revisions
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|Everyone scattered abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth.<ref name="religtext" /> |
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Revision as of 01:28, 2 April 2024
This is a list of archaic words, pre-pu words that have fallen out of use. They are widely not understood, and are mainly found through dictionaries that list them for completeness.
iki, i, and ipi
| Pronunciation | /ˈi |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Not notable (1% → ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (1%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | No book (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Pronunciation | /i/ |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Not notable (1% → ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (1%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | No book (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
| Pronunciation | /ˈi |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Not notable (1% → ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (1%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | No book (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
iki was the original third-person pronoun in Toki Pona.[1] It was replaced by ona in 2002.[2] The word was derived from Georgian იბი (igi).[3] In March 2002, a poll was created in the Yahoo group asking whether iki should be changed as it was "too long and too similar to ike".[4] The proposals for replacing iki included i and ipi. In a second poll in May 2002,[5] it was decided to change iki to ona.
These nonstandard pronouns sometimes appear when quoting early texts. sitelen pona fonts might include them to allow historical texts to be transcribed, or just for completeness. However, these words are essentially never used in modern Toki Pona, and some fonts simply alias them to the glyph for ona (ona). In other fonts, their sitelen pona glyphs are derived by altering that glyph, typically still featuring a horizontal line. The glyph for i is newer than the other two, originally created by jan Lepeka for her fonts.
kan
| Pronunciation | /kan/ |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Obscure (4% ↘︎ ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (7%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | nimi ku lili (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
kan is an obscure early word used to mean "together"[6] or as a preposition meaning "with the company of";[7] it could also separate subjects of a sentence, in addition to en.[8] It was abolished in November 2002 in the same reform that established the modern system for en.[7][9]
mi kan sinami kan sina.
I am with you.[7]
mi mute li kan ala mi mute li lon ma alemi mute li kan ala. mi mute li lon ma ale.
We [are] scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.[10]
jan ale li kan ala jan li lon ma mutejan ale li kan ala jan, li lon ma mute.
Everyone scattered abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth.[10]
The etymology of kan is uncertain.[11] nimi ale pona claims that it might be from Finnish kanssa, meaning "with", or Esperanto kun "with", itself from Latin cum.[12]
A sitelen pona glyph for kan (kan) depicts two generic things together. It consists of a circle, from ijo (ijo), in front of another circle to the upper right, which it partly occludes. It was designed by nimi Elemenopi in July 2020.[13][14]
kapa
| Pronunciation | /ˈka |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Not notable (1% ↘︎ ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (2%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | No book (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
kapa is a marginal early version of nena. It was coined by jan Sonja and was used as far back as the first publicly available dictionary from March 2002. It was replaced by nena in June of the same year.
The etymology of kapa is unknown. Possibilities include Dutch kop and Esperanto kapo, itself from Latin capus, all meaning "head".[12]
A sitelen pona glyph for kapa (kapa) seems to depict a mountain capped by snow, or a pointed shape with the tip highlighted.
jalan
 | |
| Pronunciation | /ˈja |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Not notable (1% → ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (1%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | No book (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
jalan is a marginal early version of noka. It was proposed by jan Sonja in 2002 and is derived from Finnish jalan, meaning "on foot", which is the genitive singular form of jalka "foot".[15] This proposal was rejected by a vote, resulting in 1 vote for jalan and 3 votes for keeping noka.[16]
Despite being deprecated and obsolete, the word jalan was featured on lipu tenpo in the article "o jalan!" written by jan Imi.[17]
A sitelen pona glyph for jalan (jalan) depicts a foot.
pasila
| Pronunciation | /ˈpa |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Obscure (3% ↘︎ ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (4%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | No book (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
pasila is an obscure early version of pona, with emphasis on the meaning of "easy". It was coined by jan Sonja before 2001 and is derived either from Acadian French facile or Esperanto facila, both meaning "easy".[12]
A sitelen pona glyph for pasila (pasila) combines pona (pona) with a hand radical, similar to pali (pali) and kepeken (kepeken). The hand radical is possibly meant to imply a connection between work (pali) and easiness, as both are related to effort.
pata
 | |
| Pronunciation | /ˈpa |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Obscure (4% ↘︎ ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (5%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | nimi ku lili (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Content word |
pata is an obscure word for siblings.[18] It was removed by jan Sonja around February 2002, after she returned from a break.[19] The phrases jan sama ("similar people") or jan pi mama sama ("people of the same parent") are generally appropriate as equivalent to pata.[20]
A sitelen pona glyph for pata (pata) combines elements of the glyphs for jan sama (jan sama).
The sitelen sitelen glyph for pata was designed by jan Alonola for a poem in lipu tenpo nanpa sewi.[21]
tuli and po
 | |
| Pronunciation | /ˈtu |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Obscure (2% ↘︎ ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (4%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | nimi ku lili (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Number, content word |
 | |
| Pronunciation | /po/ |
|---|---|
| Usage | 2023: Obscure (5% → ) Most speakers don't understand this word.2022: Obscure (5%)This word is deprecated.
|
| Book and era | nimi ku lili (pre-pu) |
| Part of speech | Number, content word |
tuli and po are obscure early number words meaning 3 and 4, respectively. In the modern advanced counting systems, they are equivalent to tu wan and tu tu.[22][23]
tuli is synonymous with san, a word that is more popular than tuli, but also nonstandard.
References
- ↑ Sonja Lang. (1 June 2001). "Original lessons". bknight0.myweb.uga.edu.
- ↑ tokipona@yahoogroups.com (21 May 2002). Poll results for tokipona. Toki Pona Forums.
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ tokipona@yahoogroups.com (24 March 2002). New poll for tokipona. Toki Pona Forums.
- ↑ tokipona@yahoogroups.com (15 May 2002). New poll for tokipona. Toki Pona Forums.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 242.
alongside1, together1, with1, associated½, involved½, amid½
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 jan Sonja. (27 October 2002). "the words "en", "kin" and "kan"". Toki Pona Forums. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
- ↑ Sonja Lang. (6 May 2002). "greetings". Toki Pona Forums.
- ↑ tokipona@yahoogroups.com. (1 November 2002). "Poll results for tokipona". Toki Pona Forums. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Sonja Lang. (3 September 2002). "Religious Texts". tokipona.org. "ma tomo Pape".
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Moniz, C. Ryan (jan inwin); van der Meulen, Spencer H. (jan Pensa); lipamanka. (8 October 2020). "nimi ale pona (2nd ed.)". Google Docs.
- ↑ nimi Elemenopi [u/ElemenopiTheSequel]. (26 July 2020). "I made a sitelen pona glyph for every non-pu word in the "nimi ale pona" dictionary". r/tokipona. Reddit. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
- ↑ nimi Elemenopi [u/ElemenopiTheSequel]. (15 August 2020). "Here are the official glyphs for the 1b words in the NA". r/OffThePu. Reddit. Retrieved 28 December 2023. "[Key: black] = original, made by me".
- ↑ tokipona@yahoogroups.com (24 March 2002). "New poll for tokipona". Toki Pona Forums. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ↑ tokipona@yahoogroups.com (6 May 2002). "Poll results for tokipona". Toki Pona Forums. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ↑ jan Imi (1 September 2021). "o jalan1!". In lipu tenpo nanpa kule (In Toki Pona). lipu tenpo.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 319.
sibling½, cousin½
- ↑ Sonja Lang. (2 July 2022). "New lessons coming soon!". Toki Pona Forums. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ↑ "Extinct words". lipu pi jan Pije. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ↑ kulupu pi lipu tenpo (25 December 2023). lipu tenpo nanpa sewi (in Toki Pona). lipu tenpo.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 381.
Data not found
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 330.
four½