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{{Needs work}}
{{nimi
{{nimi
|PoS=number
| PoS = number
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{{Numbers}}
'''{{tp|ale}}''' is {{a category}} [[content word]] referring to everythingness, all or plenty of something.
'''{{tp|ale}}''' (also pronounced [[#ali|'''{{tp|ali}}''']]) is {{a category}} [[content word]] referring to everythingness, all or plenty of something.


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
Line 9: Line 9:


==Semantic space==
==Semantic space==
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|ale}} includes all entities in a group or the entirety of something.
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|ale}} includes the entirety of a given thing, or all entities in a given group.


{{Example
{{Example
|ona <mark>ale</mark> li pona.
|ona <mark>ale</mark> li pona.
|They <mark>all</mark> are good.<br/>
|They <mark>all</mark> are good.<br
<mark>All</mark> of it is good.
/><mark>All</mark> of it is good.
|ona <mark>ale </mark> li pona
}}
}}


When a [[modifier]] follows {{tp|ale}}, the [[phrase]] describes all things with that quality.<ref>{{cite lipamanka}}</ref>
⚫
The idea of "some, but not necessarily many" can be communicated by negating {{tp|ale}} with {{tp|[[ala]]}}.

{{Example
|<mark>ale suwi</mark> li pona.
|<mark>Everything (that is) sweet</mark> is good.
|<mark>ale suwi </mark>li pona
}}

⚫
The idea of "some, but not necessarily many" can be communicated by negating {{tp|ale}}.


{{Example
{{Example
Line 25: Line 34:
}}
}}


{{tp|ale}} can refer to everything in existence, life or reality itself, much like {{tp|[[lon]]}}.
By extension, {{tp|ale}} can refer to everything in {{w|existence}}, {{w|reality}}, and {{w|life}}, similarly to the word {{tp|[[lon]]}}.


{{Example|[[ale li pona]].
{{Example
|ale li pona.<ref>{{cite pu}}</ref>
|All is well.<br/>
Life is good.<br/>
|All is well.<br
/>Life is good.<br
Don't worry.
/>Don't worry.
}}
}}


===Number===
===Number===
{{tp|ale}} may denote when something is infinite, or plentiful—that is, virtually infinite. This is reflected in its [[number]] sense, where {{tp|ale}} means 100.
{{tp|ale}} may denote when something is infinite, or plentiful—that is, virtually infinite. This is reflected in its [[number]] sense, where {{tp|ale}} means a hundred.


==={{tp|pu}}===
==={{tp|pu}}===
In the "[[Dictionary (pu)|Official Toki Pona Dictionary]]" section, the book {{pu|en}} defines {{tp|ale}} as:
In the "[[Dictionary (pu)|Official Toki Pona Dictionary]]" section, the book {{pu|en}} defines {{tp|ale}} as:


{{pu def|ale}}
{{pu def}}

==={{tp|ku}}===
For {{ku|en}}, respondents in {{tp|[[ma pona pi toki pona]]}} translated these English words as {{tp|ale}}:<ref name="ku201">{{cite ku|201}}</ref>

{{ku data}}

The respondents translated the following English words as the word variant {{tp|ali}}:<ref name="ku201"/>

{{ku data|ali}}


=={{tp|sitelen pona}}==
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}==
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|ale}} is derived from the {{w|infinity symbol}} (∞).
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|ale}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|ale}}}}) is derived from the {{w|infinity symbol}}, used in mathematics.

=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}==
{{Empty}}
<!--The {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}} glyph for {{tp|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}} ({{ss|{{subst:PAGENAME}}}}) depicts/represents/is derived from/is composed of ….-->


=={{tp|ali}}==
=={{tp|ali}}==
{{nimi|ali
{{nimi|ali
|sp=ale - sitelen pona in Sonja Lang's handwriting.svg
| sp = ale - sitelen pona in Sonja Lang's handwriting.svg
|ss=ale - sitelen sitelen word symbol drawn by Jonathan Gabel.jpg
| ss = ale - sitelen sitelen word symbol drawn by Jonathan Gabel.jpg
|PoS=content word
| PoS = content word
}}
}}
'''{{tp|ali}}''' is {{a category|ali}} variant of {{tp|ale}}. They are generally considered to be spelling and pronunciation variants of the same word, not two separate [[synonym]]s. It was coined to distinguish itself from {{tp|[[ala]]}} ("nothing"). {{tp|ale}} and {{tp|ala}} are a [[minimal pair]], and some speakers reduce the final vowel of both words to {{w|schwa}}.
'''{{tp|ali}}''' is {{a category|ali}} variant of {{tp|ale}}. They are generally considered to be spelling and pronunciation variants of the same word, not two separate [[synonym]]s. It was coined to distinguish itself from {{tp|[[ala]]}} ("nothing"), which are [[minimal pair]], whose final vowel is reduced to {{w|schwa}} by some speakers.{{citation needed|When? By who? Links}}


===In other writing systems===
In [[writing system]]s that are not based on [[phonetic]]s, such as the {{w|logographic}} {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} and {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}}, {{tp|ale}} and {{tp|ali}} are written the same way, and may then be read as either pronunciation.
In [[writing system]]s that are not based on [[phonetic]]s, such as the {{w|logographic}} {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} and {{tp|[[sitelen sitelen]]}}, {{tp|ale}} and {{tp|ali}} are written the same way, and may then be read as either pronunciation.

{{w|Wikimedia Commons}} has a [[nonstandard]] disambiguatory {{tp|sitelen pona}} glyph for {{tp|ali}}, written as {{sp|ale}} with a ring similar to the {{w|degree sign}}: <span class="mw-no-invert">{{tp|[[File:Ali - sitelen pona in Sonja Lang's handwriting.svg|24x24px]]}}</span>. In practice, speakers do not use this glyph. The [[c:File:Ali - sitelen pona in Sonja Lang's handwriting.svg|file description]] acknowledges that "[u]sing this file is discouraged except for special (e.g. educational) purposes."


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>

==Further reading==
* {{R:Linku}}
* {{R:Wikipesija}}
* {{R:Wiktionary}}
{{Words}}
{{Words}}

Latest revision as of 00:03, 26 March 2024

ale in sitelen pona
ale in sitelen sitelen
Pronunciation /ˈa.le/
Usage 2023: Core (90% ↘︎ )2022: Core (92%)
Book and era nimi pu
Part of speech Number, content word
Codepoint 󱤄 U+F1904
Part of a series on
Number systems
nanpa (ordinal number marker)
Simple system
ala (0) · wan (1) · tu (2) · mute (3+) · ale (all)
Advanced system (list addends high → low)
ala (0) · wan (1) · tu (2) · luka (5) · mute (20) · ale (100)
{{{content4}}}
Nonstandard number words

ale (also pronounced ali) is a core content word referring to everythingness, all or plenty of something.

Etymology[edit | edit source]

The word ale is derived from Dutch alle, meaning "all".[1]

Semantic space[edit | edit source]

The semantic space of ale includes the entirety of a given thing, or all entities in a given group.

ona ale li pona

ona ale li pona.

They all are good.
All of it is good.

When a modifier follows ale, the phrase describes all things with that quality.[2]

ale suwi li pona

ale suwi li pona.

Everything (that is) sweet is good.

The idea of "some, but not necessarily many" can be communicated by negating ale.

jan-ale ala li suwi

jan ale ala li suwi.

Not everyone is sweet.

By extension, ale can refer to everything in existence, reality, and life, similarly to the word lon.

ale li pona　

ale li pona.[3]

All is well.
Life is good.
Don't worry.

Number[edit | edit source]

ale may denote when something is infinite, or plentiful—that is, virtually infinite. This is reflected in its number sense, where ale means a hundred.

pu[edit | edit source]

In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines ale as:

ADJECTIVE  all; abundant, countless, bountiful, every, plentiful
NOUN  abundance, everything, life, universe
NUMBER  100

ku[edit | edit source]

For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as ale:[4]

every4, everything4, all4, entire4, universal3, completely3, total3, entirely3, universe3, altogether3, comprehensive3, full2, totally2, each2, fully2, any2, thoroughly2, absolute2, general2, countless2, complete2, whole2, hundred2

The respondents translated the following English words as the word variant ali:[4]

all2, entire2, universe2

sitelen pona[edit | edit source]

The sitelen pona glyph for ale (󱤄) is derived from the infinity symbol, used in mathematics.

sitelen sitelen[edit | edit source]

Under construction: This section is empty. You can help us by adding to it.

ali[edit | edit source]

ali in sitelen pona
ali in sitelen sitelen
Pronunciation /ˈa.li/
Usage 2023: Uncommon (32% ↘︎ )Caution: Most speakers don't use this word.2022: Uncommon (35%)
Book and era nimi pu
Part of speech Content word
Codepoint 󱤄 U+F1904

ali is an uncommon variant of ale. They are generally considered to be spelling and pronunciation variants of the same word, not two separate synonyms. It was coined to distinguish itself from ala ("nothing"), which are minimal pair, whose final vowel is reduced to schwa by some speakers.[When? By who? Links]

In writing systems that are not based on phonetics, such as the logographic sitelen pona and sitelen sitelen, ale and ali are written the same way, and may then be read as either pronunciation.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
  2. ↑ lipamanka. "toki pona dictionary". lipamanka.gay.
  3. ↑ Lang, Sonja. (25 May 2014). Toki Pona: The Language of Good. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292300. OCLC 921253340.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. p. 201.

Further reading[edit | edit source]

Parts of speech Content words (Roles · Prepositions · Preverbs · Names · Numbers) · Particles (Semiparticles) · Interjections
Usage Book presence (nimi pu · nimi ku) · Eras (pre-pu · post-pu · post-ku) · Usage categories · nimi sin · Synonyms · Reserved words · Place and language names
Core words a · akesi · ala · alasa · ale / ali · anpa · ante · anu · awen · e · en · esun · ijo · ike · ilo · insa · jaki · jan · jelo · jo · kala · kalama · kama · kasi · ken · kepeken · kili · kiwen · ko · kon · kule · kulupu · kute · la · lape · laso · lawa · len · lete · li · lili · linja · lipu · loje · lon · luka · lukin · lupa · ma · mama · mani · mi · moku · moli · monsi · mu · mun · musi · mute · nanpa · nasa · nasin · nena · ni · nimi · noka · o · olin · ona · open · pakala · pali · palisa · pan · pana · pi · pilin · pimeja · pini · pipi · poka · poki · pona · pu · sama · seli · selo · seme · sewi · sijelo · sike · sin · sina · sinpin · sitelen · sona · soweli · suli · suno · supa · suwi · tan · taso · tawa · telo · tenpo · toki · tomo · tu · unpa · uta · utala · walo · wan · waso · wawa · weka · wile
Common words kijetesantakalu · kin · kipisi · ku · leko · meli · mije · misikeke · monsuta · n · namako · soko · tonsi
Uncommon words epiku · jasima · kokosila · lanpan · linluwi · majuna · meso · nimisin · oko
Resources Dictionaries · Glossary · Cognates · Glosses · Minimal pairs
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