pali: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
(Updated semantic space) |
||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{nimi |
{{nimi |
||
| image = Blacksmith working 3.jpg |
|||
⚫ | |||
| alt = A blacksmith working |
|||
⚫ | |||
}} |
}} |
||
'''{{tp|pali}}''' is {{a category}} [[content word]] relating to work and activities. |
'''{{tp|pali}}''' is {{a category}} [[content word]] relating to work and activities. |
||
Line 9: | Line 11: | ||
==Semantic space== |
==Semantic space== |
||
{{Hatnote|See also: [[Creation]]}} |
{{Hatnote|See also: [[Creation]]}} |
||
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|pali}} includes work, effort done to achieve something. It is |
The [[semantic space]] of {{tp|pali}} includes {{w|Work (human activity)|work}} and activities, effort done to achieve something. It is used to describe the act or instance of creating things, including {{w|job}}s, projects, and {{w|creative work}}s. |
||
{{Example |
{{Example |
||
| |
|mi <mark>pali</mark> e pan. |
||
| |
|I <mark>make</mark> pastries. |
||
| |
|mi <mark>pali </mark> e pan |
||
}} |
}} |
||
===Drift from "do" sense=== |
===Drift from "do" sense=== |
||
{{Needs work|1=Not sure how to call the "X li Y e Z" = "X makes Z Y" construction. Apart from that, do other communities outside of ma pona do this? When did people *start* doing it?|2=section}} |
{{Needs work|1=Not sure how to call the "X li Y e Z" = "X makes Z Y" construction. Apart from that, do other communities outside of ma pona do this? When did people *start* doing it?|2=section}} |
||
[[Historical]]ly and in {{ |
[[Historical]]ly and in {{lipu pu}}, the word {{tp|pali}} was often used as a generic verb meaning "to do". This has since become notably less popular, an instance of {{w|semantic drift}}.<ref name="palint">{{cite web|url=https://mun.la/sona/palint|title=palin't|author={{tok|[[jan Kekan San]]}}|website=mun.la|publisher=|access-date=2024-01-21}}</ref> This drift is sometimes referred to as '''{{tp|pali}}n't'''. |
||
{{Example |
{{Example |
||
|sina pali e seme? |
|sina pali e seme? |
||
|What |
|What are you doing? (''obsolete usage'')<br |
||
/>What are you working on? (''surviving usage'')<ref name="palint" /> |
|||
|sina pali e seme |
|sina pali e seme |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Many speakers now prefer more direct constructions with a causative predicate.{{citation needed}} This may have motivated the change. |
Many speakers now prefer more direct constructions with a [[causative]] predicate.{{citation needed}} This may have motivated the change. |
||
{{Example |
{{Example |
||
|ona li pali e ni: mi pona. |
|ona li pali e ni: mi pona. |
||
|They do this: I am good. (obsolete usage) |
|They do this: I am good. (''obsolete usage'') |
||
|ona li pali e |
|ona li pali e ni2 {{idsp}} mi pona |
||
}} |
}} |
||
{{Example |
{{Example |
||
|ona li pona e mi. |
|ona li pona e mi. |
||
|They make me good. (modern usage) |
|They make me good. (''modern usage'') |
||
|ona li pona e mi |
|ona li pona e mi |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 52: | Line 56: | ||
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
=={{tp|sitelen pona}}== |
||
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|pali}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|pali}}}}) is derived from a [[circle radical|circle]] above a [[hand radical]], representing a generic action. These may be drawn either connected or separated. The glyph could possibly be confused with a [[stacked glyph]] for {{tp|luka ijo}}, however, |
The {{tp|[[sitelen pona]]}} glyph for {{tp|pali}} ({{UCSUR char|{{codepoint|pali}}}}) is derived from a [[circle radical|circle]] above a [[hand radical]], representing a generic action. These may be drawn either connected or separated. The glyph could possibly be confused with a [[stacked glyph]] for {{tp|luka ijo}}, however, that construction is unlikely. |
||
=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}== |
=={{tp|sitelen sitelen}}== |
Revision as of 12:07, 16 March 2024
![]() | |
Pronunciation | /ˈpa |
---|---|
Usage | 2023: Core (100% ↗︎ )2022: Core (99%) |
Book and era | nimi pu |
Part of speech | Content word |
Codepoint | U+F1949 |
pali is a core content word relating to work and activities.
Etymology
The word pali is derived from Esperanto fari, meaning "to do, to make".[1]
Semantic space
The semantic space of pali includes work and activities, effort done to achieve something. It is used to describe the act or instance of creating things, including jobs, projects, and creative works.
mi pali e panmi pali e pan.
I make pastries.
Drift from "do" sense
Historically and in pu, the word pali was often used as a generic verb meaning "to do". This has since become notably less popular, an instance of semantic drift.[2] This drift is sometimes referred to as palin't.
sina pali e semesina pali e seme?
What are you doing? (obsolete usage)
What are you working on? (surviving usage)[2]
Many speakers now prefer more direct constructions with a causative predicate.[citation needed] This may have motivated the change.
ona li pali e ni2 mi ponaona li pali e ni: mi pona.
They do this: I am good. (obsolete usage)
ona li pona e miona li pona e mi.
They make me good. (modern usage)
pu
In the "Official Toki Pona Dictionary" section, the book Toki Pona: The Language of Good defines pali as:
VERB to do, take action on, work on; build, make, prepare
ku
For Toki Pona Dictionary, respondents in ma pona pi toki pona translated these English words as pali:[3]
work5, actively2 , employment2 , practice2 , development2 , execution2 , invent2 , industry2 , role2 , procedure2 , functional2 , construction2 , achieve2 , prepare2 , interact2 , undergo2 , accomplishment2 , undertake2 , busy2 , behavioural2 , productive2 , industrial2 , plan2 , participation2 , manipulate2, do5 , construct5 , make5 , produce5 , activity5 , job5 , build5 , production5 , labour5 , working5 , action5 , task5 , create5 , function5 , occupation5 , operating4 , project4 , execute4 , craft4 , manufacturing4 , develop3 , generate3 , compose3 , assemble3 , act3 , profession3 , assignment3 , commit3 , perform3 , enact3 , operation3 , creation3 , effort3 , service3 , accomplish3 , implement3 , operate3 , implementation3 , behaviour3 , processing3 , behave3 , career3
sitelen pona
The sitelen pona glyph for pali () is derived from a circle above a hand radical, representing a generic action. These may be drawn either connected or separated. The glyph could possibly be confused with a stacked glyph for luka ijo, however, that construction is unlikely.
sitelen sitelen
References
- ↑ "Word Origins". tokipona.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2002.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 jan Kekan San. "palin't". mun.la. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
- ↑ Lang, Sonja. (18 July 2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0978292362. pp. 307–308.
Further reading
- "pali" on lipu Linku
- "pali" on lipu Wikipesija
- "pali" on English Wiktionary